At Kalahari Plains Camp a guided Bushman walk offers guests a glimpse into the life and culture of the San people.
The walk is led by Khanta Ganagohuduga, a member of the Bushman tribe based at the camp, together with members of the camp staff who are descended from Bushmen.
Understanding the San language, the staff are able to interpret questions and answers for guests.
During the Bushman walk, Khanta, together with fellow Bushmen, Xhayaha Xhwekhwe and Keeta Sego, show guests how to hunt for and gather food, store water in ostrich eggs and make fire with sticks.
Having lived in the harsh Kalahari for 20 000 years, the San, or Bushmen, are no strangers to survival. While not technically a desert, the Kalahari’s temperatures exceeds 40 degrees Celsius in the hottest months.
Water is scarce and vegetation and wildlife are naturally sparse too.
The Bushman walk takes place after a much-needed siesta, but while the hottest part of the day has passed, the temperature is still severe.
Guests are advised to make use of an invaluable trick: wetting a kikoy,a traditional garment consisting of a length of cloth that can be wrapped around the body and draping it across the shoulders.
It’s really the most effective way to stay cool in the heat.
The animated trio begin the journey by sourcing a scorpion, which can be used as bait in a snare, or to extract poison for an arrow.
A small opening along the dry and hardened soil suggests the home of a scorpion, and the burrowing begins.
Thereafter, carefully a scorpion is handled for all the guests to see, before being gently placed back on the ground, where he’ll have to burrow a new hole.
As Khanta, Xhayaha and Keeta re-enact scenes of hunting and snaring animals, guests are awed by their theatrical ability.
Storytelling is a vital part of their culture and one of the ways they’ve passed knowledge down from generation to generation.
While the trio have escaped schooling, Qomanase Kebangaletse, one of the interpreters descended from the Bushmen, has been to school and chosen to train and work at the camp instead of following a more traditional life.
Culture is constantly evolving, says Sue Snyman, Group Sustainability Manager at Wilderness Safaris, adding that she doesn’t think it’s right to try to stop this process.
While the Bushmen at Kalahari Plains Camp still choose to wear their traditional dress of animal skins and beads, many indigenous people across Africa are choosing to break with these traditions.
For this reason Snyman says it’s important to educate guests, who might be disappointed to see tribes in Arsenal T-shirts, or speaking on cell phones.
I don’t think it’s right to say you must stay like you were because we want to see it.Snyman adds that it’s important that communities have a say in how their culture is portrayed for tourists. It must come from them.
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Showing posts with label San People. Show all posts
Showing posts with label San People. Show all posts
Monday, 5 June 2017
Saturday, 27 May 2017
AFRICA: Some Of Africa's Complex Traditions
Bride Price
Lobola is an ancient and controversial Southern African tradition in which the families of a bride and groom negotiate how much the groom must pay for the bride.
All negotiations must be done in writing, never by phone or in person. The two families will not speak until negotiations are complete.
Spitting On Children For Blessings
Members of the Maasai tribe in Kenya and Tanzania spit as a way of blessing. Men spit on newborns and say they are bad in the belief that if they praise a baby, it will be cursed.
Maasai warriors will also spit in their hands before shaking the hand of an elder.
Jumping On Bulls
In order to prove their manhood in the Ethiopian Hamer tribe, young boys must run, jump and land on the back of a bull before then attempting to run across the backs of several bulls. They do this multiple times, and usually when naked.
Veils For Men
The Ahaggaren Tuaregs of Algeria are part of a larger group of Berber-speaking Tuaregs. In their culture, the men wear veils almost all the time.
However, they can take their veils off when inside family camps or while traveling.
Women Stay In Their Own Houses
In the Gio tribe in Ivory Coast, each wife has her own small house that she lives in with her children until they are old enough to move out.
The children never live with their fathers.
Women Don't Mourn Elders
In the Southwestern Congo, the Suku tribe honors ancestors and elders, when they die, with a ceremony held in the clearing of a forest.
Here, gifts and offerings are brought, but outsiders and all women are forbidden to attend.
Boy Children Grow Up With Their Marternal Uncles
When male children reach age 5 or 6 in the Northern Angolan Songo tribe, they are sent to live with their uncles on their mother’s side.
This is because chiefs inherit their position through matrilineal lines.
Wealth Determined By Number Of Cows
In the Pokot tribe in Kenya, wealth is measured by how many cows a family has. Most Pokot people are either “corn people” or “cow people” meaning that’s what they cultivate on their land, but all Pokot people measure their wealth by cows.
The number of women a man can marry is determined by how many cows he has.
Khweta Ceremony
This Southern African ceremony is practiced by several tribes and is how a young boy proves his manhood.
When they are of age, boys are sent to spend several days or weeks in a circumcision lodge during winter, where they’re put through rigorous and often dangerous tests and rituals such as continuous dancing until exhaustion, and circumcision.
Clans Named After Animals
The Maasai people of Kenya and Tanzania have strict policies against killing wild animals. They keep cattle and livestock, but leave wild animals untouched.
In fact, each clan is associated with a specific wild species, which they often keep close to them and treat as a clan member.
Himba Smear With Butter Fat And Ochre
The Himba people of Northern Namibia cover their skin with a mixture of butter fat and ochre — a natural earth pigment containing iron oxide to protect themselves from the sun.
For that reason, the Himba people often appear to have a red skin tone.
San People of Botswana
The San People of Botswana, also called Bushmen, are hunter gatherers who were evicted from their ancestral land in the 1950s.
They were forbidden to hunt and forced to apply for permits to enter reserves.
The San switched to farming but they continued to gather herbs for medication and plants for food. Deprived of the ability to hunt, San numbers dwindled.
Sudanese Latuka People
In the Sudanese Latuka tribe, when a man wants to marry a woman, he kidnaps her. Elderly members of his family go and ask the girl’s father for her hand in marriage, and if dad agrees, he beats the suitor as a sign of his acceptance of the union.
If the father disagrees, however, the man might forcefully marry the woman anyway.
Bride Grooms Fight
The Fulani tribe live in many countries in West Africa and follow a tradition called Sharo. Sharo happens when two young men want to marry the same woman.
To compete for her hand, they beat one another up.
The men must suppress signs of pain and the one who takes the beating without showing signs of pain can take the wife.
Traditional Cleansing
The Chewa people are one of the largest indigenous groups of Malawi but live throughout Central and Southern Africa.
When a person dies, one family tradition involves taking the body into the woods, slitting the throat, and forcing water through the body to cleanse it.
They do this by squeezing the corpse’s stomach until what comes out the rear end runs clear.
Lip Widening
When a girl becomes a teenager in the Surma tribe of Southern Sudan, she begins the process of lip stretching. The girl has her bottom teeth removed to make space for a lip plate, which is increased in size annually.
Lobola is an ancient and controversial Southern African tradition in which the families of a bride and groom negotiate how much the groom must pay for the bride.
All negotiations must be done in writing, never by phone or in person. The two families will not speak until negotiations are complete.
Spitting On Children For Blessings
Members of the Maasai tribe in Kenya and Tanzania spit as a way of blessing. Men spit on newborns and say they are bad in the belief that if they praise a baby, it will be cursed.
Maasai warriors will also spit in their hands before shaking the hand of an elder.
Jumping On Bulls
In order to prove their manhood in the Ethiopian Hamer tribe, young boys must run, jump and land on the back of a bull before then attempting to run across the backs of several bulls. They do this multiple times, and usually when naked.
Veils For Men
The Ahaggaren Tuaregs of Algeria are part of a larger group of Berber-speaking Tuaregs. In their culture, the men wear veils almost all the time.
However, they can take their veils off when inside family camps or while traveling.
Women Stay In Their Own Houses
In the Gio tribe in Ivory Coast, each wife has her own small house that she lives in with her children until they are old enough to move out.
The children never live with their fathers.
Women Don't Mourn Elders
In the Southwestern Congo, the Suku tribe honors ancestors and elders, when they die, with a ceremony held in the clearing of a forest.
Here, gifts and offerings are brought, but outsiders and all women are forbidden to attend.
Boy Children Grow Up With Their Marternal Uncles
When male children reach age 5 or 6 in the Northern Angolan Songo tribe, they are sent to live with their uncles on their mother’s side.
This is because chiefs inherit their position through matrilineal lines.
Wealth Determined By Number Of Cows
In the Pokot tribe in Kenya, wealth is measured by how many cows a family has. Most Pokot people are either “corn people” or “cow people” meaning that’s what they cultivate on their land, but all Pokot people measure their wealth by cows.
The number of women a man can marry is determined by how many cows he has.
Khweta Ceremony
This Southern African ceremony is practiced by several tribes and is how a young boy proves his manhood.
When they are of age, boys are sent to spend several days or weeks in a circumcision lodge during winter, where they’re put through rigorous and often dangerous tests and rituals such as continuous dancing until exhaustion, and circumcision.
Clans Named After Animals
The Maasai people of Kenya and Tanzania have strict policies against killing wild animals. They keep cattle and livestock, but leave wild animals untouched.
In fact, each clan is associated with a specific wild species, which they often keep close to them and treat as a clan member.
Himba Smear With Butter Fat And Ochre
The Himba people of Northern Namibia cover their skin with a mixture of butter fat and ochre — a natural earth pigment containing iron oxide to protect themselves from the sun.
For that reason, the Himba people often appear to have a red skin tone.
San People of Botswana
The San People of Botswana, also called Bushmen, are hunter gatherers who were evicted from their ancestral land in the 1950s.
They were forbidden to hunt and forced to apply for permits to enter reserves.
The San switched to farming but they continued to gather herbs for medication and plants for food. Deprived of the ability to hunt, San numbers dwindled.
Sudanese Latuka People
In the Sudanese Latuka tribe, when a man wants to marry a woman, he kidnaps her. Elderly members of his family go and ask the girl’s father for her hand in marriage, and if dad agrees, he beats the suitor as a sign of his acceptance of the union.
If the father disagrees, however, the man might forcefully marry the woman anyway.
Bride Grooms Fight
The Fulani tribe live in many countries in West Africa and follow a tradition called Sharo. Sharo happens when two young men want to marry the same woman.
To compete for her hand, they beat one another up.
The men must suppress signs of pain and the one who takes the beating without showing signs of pain can take the wife.
Traditional Cleansing
The Chewa people are one of the largest indigenous groups of Malawi but live throughout Central and Southern Africa.
When a person dies, one family tradition involves taking the body into the woods, slitting the throat, and forcing water through the body to cleanse it.
They do this by squeezing the corpse’s stomach until what comes out the rear end runs clear.
Lip Widening
When a girl becomes a teenager in the Surma tribe of Southern Sudan, she begins the process of lip stretching. The girl has her bottom teeth removed to make space for a lip plate, which is increased in size annually.
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