Showing posts with label Herzegovina. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Herzegovina. Show all posts

Friday, 4 October 2019

SLOVENIA: Adria Airways Goes Bankrupt And Ceases Operations

The collapse of Adria Airways has cost Slovenia connections to dozens of international markets, a study has revealed.

The national airline filed for bankruptcy and cancelled all flights on Monday.

Adria had previously withdrawn virtually all its flights last week.

Bankruptcy proceedings were initiated by the management of the company because of the company’s insolvency, the carrier said in a statement.

A study by ForwardKeys, the travel analytics firm, revealed that the bankruptcy resulted in the loss of direct flight connections with two dozen countries, including Czech Republic, Spain and Switzerland, all important origin markets for the country.

Adria has accounted for 60 per cent of all international seat capacity to Slovenia.

Other key source markets such as Austria, Germany and France will also be impacted, as Adria Airways accounted for 99 per cent, 87 per cent and 51 per cent of seat capacity on flights from these countries.

The full list of countries, which had direct connections to Slovenia in the past 12 months and have now lost them, comprises: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Latvia, Macedonia, Norway, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine.

However, the impact is less dramatic than the list suggests, because some of the routes, such as those from Estonia, Georgia and Greece are seasonal, and others, from Cyprus, Hungary, Italy, Jordan, Latvia, Romania and Ukraine are irregular.

Olivier Ponti, vice president, insights, ForwardKeys, said: Given the attractiveness of Slovenia as a destination, I expect other airlines to fill the gaps left by Adria Airways but how long it will take to get back to the previous level is anyone´s guess.

Slovenia, and its vibrant capital Ljubljana, remain accessible and well worth a visit; however, if you were counting on Adria Airways to get you there quickly, you must now allow more time.

So following the collapse of Adria Airways this week, Slovenia’s only airport in Ljubljana has lost almost half of all its air traffic.

Most flights by Adria Airways were feeder flights to Star Alliance hubs, so it is no great surprise that Lufthansa Group announced today it will launch an entire network out of Ljubljana Joze Pucnik Airport within a month.

Simple Flying first reported in June that an Adria Airways bankruptcy was increasingly likely. Adverse circumstances surrounding the Slovenian flag carrier kept growing over the summer and operations officially ceased in full earlier this week.

For years, Adria has been positioned as a feeder to Lufthansa Group hubs, serving Brussels, Frankfurt, Zurich, Vienna and Munich several times daily.

Adria Airways had such a strong relationship with Lufthansa Group that it also had feeder flights to Frankfurt and Munich from the capitals of Albania and Kosovo.

Thus, with the collapse of Adria, Lufthansa Group has been left with a loss of 216 weekly outbound and inbound flights to channel its connecting passengers.

These include 64 weekly flights to Frankfurt, which even for a giant like Lufthansa is not insignificant. 42 of these flights were from Ljubljana, 6 from Tirana and 16 from Pristina.

To fill the acute gap left by Adria in Ljubljana, several Lufthansa Group airlines are stepping in. An entire network is being formed in Ljubljana by Lufthansa’s airlines, despite the Group not having a single route to Slovenia at all at the moment.

Brussels Airlines is launching a six-times-a-week service in November. This will coincide with Wizz Air pulling out of Slovenia and no longer flying the Ljubljana to Brussels route after seven years.

Today, an announcement followed from Lufthansa Group too, that Lufthansa and Swiss will launch their own services.

Lufthansa CityLine will be flying double daily between Frankfurt and Ljubljana with its CRJ900 aircraft. Flights will depart Frankfurt every day at 09.15 am and 4.40 pm, arriving in Ljubljana at 10.30 am and 5.55 pm.

They will then depart Ljubljana at 11.05 am and 6.30 pm, returning to Frankfurt at 12.25 pm and 7.50 pm. Flights are already bookable, from Sunday 27 October, the first day of the winter schedule.

These are clearly timed to coincide with Lufthansa’s morning arrival wave into Frankfurt and evening departure wave out of it. The route is very clearly intended to be a feeder.

From Munich, the German airline will be flying daily starting Friday 1 November. Flights will depart Munich at 10.45 am to arrive at Ljubljana at 11.45 am. They will then depart Ljubljana again at 1.10 pm to return to Munich at 2.10 pm.

Swiss itself will be the first to begin flying, launching five weekly flights in just two weeks’ time. At the start of the winter schedule, on 27 October, the frequency will increase to daily.

Once the frequency increases to daily, the flights will be operated by Swiss’s A220 aircraft. Until then, presumably, because no spare aircraft are available, flights will run as five weekly with a Helvetic Airways E190.

What will be interesting to see is whether Lufthansa Group airlines expand their schedule to Ljubljana to match the capacity that Adria had on these routes.

Adria had three daily flights to Zurich all summer long, while Swiss has only scheduled a single daily rotation.

Austrian Airlines has been absent from this announcement. Adria’s two daily flights to Vienna remain nonexistent and all the feeder traffic to Austrian and Eurowings left unserved.

With Slovenia’s only airport now fully dominated by Lufthansa Group airlines, it will be interesting to see how they adapt their network over time.

It will also be interesting to see which competitors to Lufthansa Group step in to take some of the market share left vacant by Adria.

Meanwhile, bankruptcy proceedings have officially been initiated against Slovenia's Adria Airways following its cessation of operations.

Documentation issued by the district court in the city of Kranj gives creditors three months, until 3 January 2020, to declare claims against the operator.

It names Janez Pustaticnik as the manager.

Adria's latest operating licence, issued in 2011, has been revoked by the Slovenian civil aviation agency and the carrier banned from operating commercial air transport.

Star Alliance has also confirmed, as a matter of formality, that Adria Airways has left the airline group as a result of the bankruptcy.

Adria ceased to be a member of Star on 2 October, the alliance says. It says the situation is a regrettable development, given that Adria has been a member for 15 years.

But Star points out that its links with Slovenia are being maintained by new services from Lufthansa, Swiss and Brussels Airlines

Tourism Observer

Wednesday, 23 January 2019

BOSNIA HERZEGOVINA: If You Like Meat, You'll Love Banja Luka, Do Not Talk About Former Yugoslav War Or Kosovo

Banja Luka is a picturesque city in the western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the administrative capital and the largest city of Republika Srpska, and the second largest city in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Banja Luka or Banjaluka, is the second largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the de facto capital of the Republika Srpska entity.

Traditionally, it has been the centre of the Bosanska Krajina region, located in the northwestern part of the country. According to the 2013 census, Banja Luka has 185,042 inhabitants.

It is home of the University of Banja Luka as well as numerous state and entity institutions of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The city lies on the river Vrbas and is well known in the countries of the former Yugoslavia for being full of tree-lined avenues, boulevards, gardens and parks.

Banja Luka covers some 96.2 km2 (37.1 sq mi) of land in Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the Vrbas River. The city is located at 44.78°N 17.19°E. Banja Luka's downtown is at 163 m (534.78 ft) above sea level, surrounded by hills.

The source of the Vrbas River is about 90 km (56 mi) to the south. The tributary rivers Suturlija, Crkvena, and Vrbanja flow into the Vrbas at Banja Luka. Banja Luka has also a number of springs close by.

The area around Banja Luka is mostly woodland, although there are mountains a little further from the city. The city itself is built in the Banja Luka valley, which is located at the transition between high and low mountain areas.

The most notable of these mountains are Manjaca (1,214 m), Cemernica (1,338 m), and Tisovac. These are all part of the Dinaric Alps mountain range.

On 26 and 27 October 1969, two devastating earthquakes - 6.0 and 6.4 on the Richter scale damaged many buildings in Banja Luka. Around 20 to 23 people were killed, and over a thousand injured.

A large building called Titanik in the centre of the town was razed to the ground, and the area was later turned into a central public square.

With contributions from all over Yugoslavia, Banja Luka was repaired and rebuilt. That was a period when a large Serb population moved to the city from the surrounding villages, and from more distant areas in Herzegovina.

During the 1990s, the city underwent considerable changes when the Bosnian War broke out. Upon the declaration of Bosnian-Herzegovinian independence and the establishment of the Republika Srpska, Banja Luka became the de facto centre of the entity's politics.

Nearly all of Banja Luka's Croats and Bosniaks were expelled during the war and all of the city's 16 mosques including the Ferhat Pasha Mosque were destroyed. A court ruling resulted in the authorities of Banja Luka having to pay $42 million for the destruction of the mosques.

Later, an estimated 40,000 Serbs from Croat and Bosniak dominated areas of Bosnia, having been exiled from their homes, settled in Banja Luka.

However, the Banja Luka district court later overturned the ruling stating that the claims had exceeded a three-year statute of limitations. The Bosniak community vowed to appeal against the decision.

On 7 May 2001, several thousand Serb nationalists attacked a group of Bosniaks and members of the diplomatic corps attending a ceremony of marking the reconstruction of the historic 16th-century Ferhadija mosque.

There were indications of police collaboration. More than 30 individuals were injured during the attack, and on 26 May, Murat Badic, who had been in a coma after the attack, died from head injuries. Fourteen Bosnian Serb nationalists were jailed for starting the riots.

The 2013 census in Bosnia indicated a population of 185,042, overwhelmingly Serbs. During the war from 1992-95 some 60,000 people, mostly Bosniaks and Croats, left Banja Luka.

Ethnic composition in Banja Luka

- Serbs: 165,750

- Bosniaks: 7,681

- Croats: 5,104

- Others: 6,507

- Total: 185,042

Religious composition in Banja Luka

- Serbian Orthodox Church: 168,985

- Islam: 10,526

- Roman Catholic Church: 4,842

- Agnostic: 412

- Atheist: 855

- Others: 4,422

- Total: 190042

Banja Luka plays an important role on different levels of Bosnia and Herzegovina's government structures. Banja Luka is the centre of the government for the Municipality of Banja Luka.

A number of entity and state institutions are seated in the city. The Republika Srpska Government and the National Assembly are based in Banja Luka.

The Bosnia and Herzegovina State Agencies based in the city include the Indirect Taxation (VAT) Authority, the Deposit Insurance Agency as well as a branch of the Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina formerly the National Bank of Republika Srpska.

Austria, Croatia, France, Germany, Serbia, the United Kingdom and the United States maintain diplomatic representation through consulates-general in Banja Luka.

In 1981 Banja Luka's GDP per capita was 97% of the Yugoslav average.

Although the city itself was not directly affected by the Bosnian war in the early 1990s, its economy was. In this period Banja Luka fell behind the world in key areas such as technology, resulting in a rather stagnant economy. However, in recent years, the financial services sector has gained in importance in the city.

In 2002, the trading began on the newly established Banja Luka Stock Exchange. The number of companies listed, the trading volume and the number of investors have increased significantly.

A number of big companies such as Telekom Srpske, Rafinerija ulja Modrica, Banjalucka Pivara and Vitaminka are all listed on the exchange and are traded regularly. Investors, apart from those from Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia, now include a number of investment funds from the EU, and from Norway, the United States, Japan and China.

A number of financial services regulators, such as the Republika Srpska Securities Commission and the RS Banking Agency are headquartered in Banja Luka.

This, along with the fact that some of the major banks in Bosnia, the Deposit Insurance Agency and the value-added tax (VAT) authority are all based in the city, has helped Banja Luka establish itself as a major financial centre of the country.

The Museum of Republika Srpska inherited the Ethnographic Museum established in 1930, and broadened its setting with collections of archeology, history, art history and nature.

The Museum of Modern Art of Republika Srpska, also called MSURS, the Museum of Contemporary Art, displays exhibitions of both domestic and worldwide artists.

Banja Luka is home to the National Theatre and National Library, both dating from the first half of the 20th century, and of numerous other theatres.

The headquarters of the Archives of Republika Srpska is situated in the building known as Carska kuca or Imperial House, built around 1880. It has been in continuous public use longer than any other structure in Banja Luka.

One of the most famous cultural sites in Banja Luka is the cultural centre of Banski Dvor or Halls of the Ban, built in the 1930s as the residence for the Bans of the Vrbas Banovina.

In the city there are many Cultural Artistic Associations. The oldest is CAA Pelagic founded 1927, one of the oldest institutions of this kind in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Banja Luka has one major football stadium and several indoor sports halls. The local handball, basketball and football teams bear the traditional name Borac meaning fighter.

The three football teams from Banja Luka are Borac Banja Luka - 2010/2011 season champions of Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina, BSK Banja Luka, and Omladinac Banja Luka - both in the First League of the Republika Srpska, FK Naprijed Banja Luka and FK Vrbas Banja Luka

Borac Banja Luka is the most popular football club in the Republika Srpska. The club has won several major trophies in its history such as trophies as a champion of Mitropa Cup, Yugoslav Cup, Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup, First League of the Republika Srpska, Republic Srpska Cup. They have participated in UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League.

The city has a long tradition of handball. RK Borac Banjaluka was the European Champion in 1976, the European Vice-Champion in 1975 and the winner of the IHF Cup in 1991.

Recently, tennis has taken on a bigger role in the city. The local tennis tournament, Memorijal Trive Vujica, has become professional and has been awarded ATP status in 2001, with the rank of a Challenger. The Banja Luka Challenger takes place in September each year.
In 2005, the European Championships in Rafting were held on the Vrbas river. In 2006, the Davis Cup matches of the Europe/Africa Zone Group III took place in the city. Since 2015, the city hosts the Banjaluka Half-marathon.

Public transportation within Banja Luka is exclusively operated by the bus services. Over thirty bus lines connect downtown with the rest of the city and its suburbs. The oldest bus link in the city is line No 1. Taxis are also readily available.

The expressway E-661 that is locally known as M-16 leads north to Croatia from Banja Luka by way of Gradiska, near the Bosnian/Croatian border.

A wide range of bus services are available to most neighbouring and larger towns in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as to regional and European destinations such as Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Germany, France, Italy, Montenegro, The Netherlands, Serbia, Sweden, Switzerland and Slovakia.

Banja Luka is the hub of the railway services of Zeljeznice Republike Srpske, comprising one half of the railway network of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Services operate to most northern Bosnian towns, and two modern air-conditioned Talgo trains run to Sarajevo every day.

However, services are relatively slow and infrequent compared with neighbouring countries.

Banja Luka International Airport is located 23 km (14 mi) north of Banja Luka. The airport is served by Air Serbia, which operates flights to Belgrade and summer charters to Antalya, while Ryanair operates flight to Brussels, Memmingen and Stockholm. There is also Banja Luka Zaluzani Airfield, a small airstrip.

Banja Luka has a continental climate, with harsh winters and warm summers. The warmest month of the year is July, with an average temperature of 21.3 C (70 F). The coldest month of the year is January, when temperatures average near freezing at 0.8 C (33 F).

Annual precipitation for Banja Luka is about 988 mm. Banja Luka has an average of 143 rainy days a year. Due to the city's high altitude, it snows in Banja Luka almost every year as well. Strong winds come from the north and northeast.

In Banja Luka, the capital of the Republika Srpska the local language is Serbian. In Republika Srpska official languages are also Croatian and Bosnian. Although, these languages are virtually the same.

There are direct bus connections from the main bus station to:

- Bosnia: Sarajevo, Sipovo, Prijedor, Bosansko Gradiska, Bosansko Grahovo, Trebinje, Prijedor, Teslic, Banja Vrucica, Novi Grad, Gornji Graci, Visegrad, Bihac.

- Austria: Vienna, Linz

- Croatia: Zagreb, Makarska, Pula, Split, Zadar, Rijeka

- Denmark: Copenhagen

- France: Paris, Lyon.

- Germany: Cologne, Dortmund, Duisburg, Dusseldorf, Essen, Frankfurt am Main, Ingolstadt, Karlsruhe, Mannheim, Munich, Nuremberg, Pforzheim, Stuttgart and Ulm

- Montenegro: Igalo, Podgorica

- Netherlands: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht, Maastricht.

- Serbia: Belgrade, Novi Sad, Kragujevac, Sombor, Zrenjanin, Nis, Subotica

- Sweden: Stockholm

- Switzerland: Zurich, Luzern

International bus companies driving for instance from Zagreb via Banja Luka to Sarajevo (Croatia Bus) are not allowed to take passengers for a domestic route. You won't be able to buy tickets for these buses, no exceptions made.

Buses to Sarajevo leave from the main bus station approximately four times a day. The journey takes approximately 5 hours, and costs around 31 KM.

Banja Luka International Airport, 23km (14.3 miles) from the city. Flights from Belgrade with Air Serbia five times per week. Connecting flights to other cities in Europe are also offered. There are some charter flights from Gothenburg scheduled for late December and early January.

Ryanair flights are connected by bus to Banja Luka center for 5 euro. Bus to aeroport goes from Stara stanica at 17:00 for flight at 19:50. A taxi to Banja Luka will cost around 40-50KM.

As an alternative you can take a minibus transfer from the old bus staton or stare autobuske, leaving at 13.30. The minibus transfer from the airport to the old bus station leaves daily at 15.30. The journey takes about 20 minutes and cost 10KM.

There is no ATM on the airport. Wireless Internet is free of charge.

The train and bus station is located about 2 km northeast of the center. By summer 2018, the city had connections with: Doboj (6 trains daily, 2h), Zenica and Sarajevo (2 daily, 3.5/5h), Prijedor and Novi Grad (5 daily, 1/2 h), and Bihac (1 daily, 3.5 h).

From March 2017 there are no international trains anymore to/from Zagreb or/from Belgrade.

You can have your bike fixed a la minute at the Bike Servis Shop, in the Ul. Gunduliceva 104 - next to the football stadion. Another bike shop is 5 doors down in the row of buildings.

The tourist office owns fifteen rental bicycles, which are maintained by the above bike shop. Rental: 1 KM/hour, or 15 KM/day.

Rentacar Omega: Ul. 1 Krajiskog Korpusa 58. 60KM per day, 55KM if longer then 3 days, etc.

There are many historic things to see in the city of Banja Luka.

Cathedral of Saint Bonaventure Built in 1887, the 1969 earthquake leveled the church. The Roman Catholic cathedral was built in 1974.

Christ the Saviour Cathedral This Orthodox Christian church was originally built in 1929 is in the city's center. After being destroyed in the 2nd World War, it has been reconstructed in 2004 and it is one of the most beautiful churches in the region.

Banski Dvor or Governor’s Palace in center of the city. Built in 1930's. A concert hall and gallery. This is the main cultural center.

Monastery of Gomionica built before 1536 near Banja Luka. Monastery has the collection of ancient icons from 18th century.

Ferhat-Pasha Mosque or Ferhat-pasina dzamija, also called Ferhadija mosque. This example of Islamic 16th century architecture was built during the time of the Ottoman rule. Built in 1579 it has a central fountain called Shaderwan, stone and iron fence.

It is built in the classical Ottoman style. Ferhadija was listed as a cultural heritage of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1950. Later it was protected by UNESCO until destroyed in 1993 and reconstructed in 2015.

Kastel fortress on the bank of the Vrbas river with history up to Roman ages.

The Trapist monastery, close to Pivara Banjaluka. The monastery is the only trapist monastery in the Western Balkans and it was reopened in 2008. It is known for its home-made wines and cheese. Address: Slatinska 1 on the road to Slatina.

Gospodska street Actually Veselin Maslesa street, is the main street of city with shops, offices and cafes. Recommended time to visit, because of its liveliness, is during day on Saturdays whole day, and between 12h and 14h on workdays. During evenings visit on Fridays and Sundays or each day in the case of nice weather.

Dom Omladine, Đure Danicica 1. The youth centre run by the local youth council, with regular concerts, performances, expo's, workshops, etc.

Banja Luka is a city with the rich night life. The best place for night occasion is Kruna club at the top of merchant building in Gospodska street. Others are Opium in basement of hotel Bosna, cafe Focus in bottom of Gospodska street.

Boom Boom Room, Veselina Maslese 15-17, Gospodska ulica. In a town where folk music is a general trend,Boom Boom Room is the first club in Banja Luka offering unique,world-like atmosphere,playing exclusively DJ electronic music. Located in the very heart of the city,open W-Sa

Demofest klub (DFK), Patre 5 entrance across the street from Kastel. offers a colourfull programme with diverse music, live gigs from various bands, all genres of music except folk, decent afterparties and average drink prices.

Market, Knjasa Milosa, Right next to the bus station. 8-14h. The market, close to the bus- and train station is worth your while.

Seems to be coming straight from the countryside, each day of the week in the morning you can buy everything you need there, from vegetables to hardware to second hand frezers. On Sunday cars are on sale - and an occasional French-plated Mercedes, on Tuesdays livestock.

Take a Dajak tour over the Vrbas from Zeleni, 20 KM/ one person; 25 KM/two persons, 30 KM/three persons, maximum: three persons for one boat

Multipleks Palas (Cinema), Trg Krajina underneath Boska. Cinema Palas with your fair amount of blockbusters and some local movies.

Restoran Slap - Swim, Novoselija. Go to the east shore of the Vrbas, and continue the road all the way south until you come in Novoselija. Restuarant Slap - Waterfall lies next to a small barrage in the Vrbas and it is excellent swimming there on summer days if the water is not too high.

Charitable organization Duga, Kralja Petra I Karadordevica 88, between the Government building and the Tobacco Factory, sharing the yard with a kindergarden. If you are interested in the traditional arts and crafts of the region, Duga can offer fantastic learning opportunities to you.

Contact Duga and arrange a visit where you can watch and learn from local crafts people as they conduct live demonstrations of a wide range of handicrafts including weaving, crocheting, embroidery and knitting. You will be able to have a hands on experience and a chance to learn new skills in the process.

Demofest is festival of alternative music, usually lasting three days, consisting of two different parts: each evening there is a contest of demo bands, with two semifinal nights and the finals, which are held on the third day of the festival, and concerts of bands with more reputation following each part of the contest.

Banjalukanima - Animaton films, October

Kratkofil - Festival of short films in summer

Neofest - Pop music, organised from Dom Omladine

The local currency is the Convertible Mark (KM), which is tied to the Euro at a rate of 1KM to 0.51129E. Convertible Mark coins come in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 1, 2, 5 Marks while banknotes come in 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 Marks.

Many establishments especially hotels accept Euros notes only. ATMs are all over the place with MasterCard, Visa and other offshoots being accepted. Credit Cards such as Visa, MasterCard and Diners Club are readily accepted by larger establishments all over the country.

When changing money, it is best to ask for small bills as shops often are hard-pressed for change. Traveler cheques can be readily changed at Raiffeisen and Zagrebacka Banks.

Near the fortress in the center of the city there is a market, where you will be able to find every kind of products. In the main town square there is a big shopping mall, Boska, which has a wide variety of stores.

Also, in the main pedestrian street you will find a lot of renowned stores, from food to clothing designer and sports stores.

It is not compulsory to tip in Banja Luka, though a reward of about 10% for good service in restaurant or bar is always appreciated.

You can get local, handicraft souvenirs for example at the shop of association the Duga. All items there are made of natural materials by traditional technologies, and are decorated with ornaments from original traditional clothing from the area of Dinara.

Their collection contains: ethno souvenirs, decorative products and clothing. Address: Etnoradionica, Duga, Kralja Petra I Karadordevica 88, the same street as the city hall.

All of the handicrafts are produced in an ethical manner and by purchasing them you will help Duga to continue providing aid to all of its beneficiaries and support to other local humanitarian projects.

Nedeljni rucak
If you like meat, you'll love Banja Luka. Meat is a standard for any meal. However, there is still lots of interesting meals you can make do if you are a vegetarian.

Serbs generally eat their largest meal, rucak, in the late afternoon, often as a family, so foreign travelers seeking something approximating a western lunch may have to look a little harder for an establishment serving mid-day meals.

Most popular traditional dishes:

Cevapi - small meat sausages from beef. They are usually served with fresh onions and a bun called Lepina. Cevapi usually come in pointer finger size sausages and are offered by five or ten pieces, although the variety commonly found in Banja Luka or Banjalucki cevap usually consists of quadrangular pieces of meat.

Teletina - is veal, usually served in cutlets. Veal in B&H is not produced by locking calves in a cage to ensure softer meat.

Janjetina - lamb grilled over an open fire.

Musaka - a meat pie made of minced beef, very similar to shepherds pie.

Filovane paprike - fried peppers stuffed with minced meat and spices.

Prsut - air dried ham, similar to Italian proscuitto.

Suho Meso - smoked beef.

Sarma - meat and rice rolled in cabbage or grape leaves.

Ispod Saca - similar to Dutch oven. A metal dish is placed on hot coals, the food is placed in the dish and covered by a lid which is then completely covered in hot coals and left to bake.

Vlasicki Sir - similar to Travnicki cheese. It is a highland cheese from the mountain villages on Vlasic Mountain in central Bosnia.

Mladi Sir - Cottage cheese. It has a soft texture and is unsalted. Often times it is served with a cream sauce on top. It is very healthy.

Kajmak - is analogous to clotted cream in the UK. The top layer of fat skimmed from milk, it is creamy and extremely tasty. Kajmak and Ustipak a doughnut type roll is a wonderful appetizer.

Iz mjeha - sheep milk poured into a specially sewn sheep skin 'bag'. After a time the dry cheese is taken out of the skin container and the result is a strong, dry cheese that resembles real Parmesan.

Restaurants in Banja Luka

Restoran-Bar Mala stanica KRALJA PETRA I KARADORDEVICA bb, Next to the Government building.

Restoran Master. Mexican Food.

Restoran Sirano

Restoran Ognjiste, Josifa Pancica br.2. Ethna Food, Serbian National Food, Ethno Shop.

Restoran Borac, Vidovdanska 53 at Football stadium.

Restoran Lovački Bar, Slatinska 37.

Restoran Obala,Jesenjinova 26 on the River Vrbas.

Kod Muje is by many, the place with best cevapcici in city.

La Pastaria, Bana Milosavljevica 34. 9-12; Sa 10-22; Su 12-20. a moderate selection of pasta and Mexican-inspired dishes, with several salad options as well.

Agi Pasta Away, Aleja Svetog Save 2. 8-22 Mo-Sa. basic pasta dishes with various sauces and accompaniments.

Kazamat in one of the cellars of the old Tvrdjava Kastel, with English menu's, decent wine, several vegetarian alternatives - only part of the Tropic Club-chain. approximately 50 Km for three course meal with drinks. Open daily 11-23h.

Integra Restaurant on the 14th floor of the RTRS building, build by the Integra company for the Integra company, right next to the building of the Vlada or the governemnt of the RS. You might be sitting next to President Dodik signing oil deals with the Russians.

Citadela, in Gospodska street, the main shopping street. On the ground floor a cake and coffee shop, in the basement a traditional restuarant, and on the first floor another. Good quality.

Mala Stanica; the old train station, now right at the foot of the Vlada building. European style, amazing souffles. Kralja Petra I.

Rakia or Rakija is considered to be a national drink. Its alcohol content is normally 40%, but home-produced rakia can be a tongue burner, typically 50 to 60%.

Frequently used as a common drink at all celebrations, birthdays, holy holidays, slava the Orthodox christian custom of honoring a patron saint and even funerals. Common flavors are slivovitz, traditionally made from plums and lozova, which is made from grapes.

But, you can also distill from pears, peaches, apricots, apples, figs and cherries. Plum and grape rakia are sometimes mixed with other ingredients, such as herbs, honey, sour cherries and walnuts after distillation.

Nektar pivo is the local beer, brewed in Banja Luka.

Where to stay in Banja Luka

Hotel Cezar Banja Luka, Mladena Stojanovica 123.

Hotel Palace , Karadjordjevica 60.

Hotel Bosna, Karadordevica 97.

Hotel Atina.

Hotel Grand, Suboticka Bed and Breakfast.

Hotel Talija, 9 Srpska Street.

Hotel Vidovic, Ul. Jevrejska.

Elit Motel Dragana.

Hotel Banja Luka, Mladena Stojanovica 123.

Hostel Monaco Dreams, Njegoseva 34. checkin: 12:00; checkout: 11:00. Free internet access, comfortable rooms. Pizzeria next to the hostel. 15 minutes walk to bus station and city center. € 15.

Hostel Banja Luka, Srpskih ustanika 26, 1.5 kilometers from city center, part of a town called Starcevica, very close to Merkator center and almost across Integral gas station. checkout: 2PM. Comfortable ambiance and friendly staff. Restaurant and free Internet. 10.

Hostel Hertz, Milana Rakića 22 in the center of Banja Luka - Borik, next to the Vrbas river. checkout: 2PM. Free internet access, free coffee in the café Hertz, quiet place to rest. €11. Possibility to pitch a tent in their huge back garden.

City Smile Hostel, Skendera Kulenovica 16.

Hostel Zeleni Most (Green bridge), 9. ul. Braca Moraca (On the west side of the Zeleni Most Green Bridge, 500m from the city center. checkin: 24/7. Right across Kod Nane-restaurant 11€/night.

Hostel Centar I, Slavka Rodica 4, 150 meters South-West from Kastel, 100 meters West from Gradski bridge. new, nice big rooms, I was in a huge single with terrace for KM 20 (~ €11 / US$ 13,50), 3 rooms in a floor for 2 WCs and 1 shower. Air conditioning and cable TV in rooms. Staff speak English. from 18 KM (~ € 8,5 US$ 12).

Do not talk about the former Yugoslav war, and do not talk about Kosovo. These are very sensitive matters, and locals can easily get offended without it being intended, and become aggressive.

Fans of the local Borac football team have history of attacking with knives or even machete tourists who wear football shirts of their local team, especially at night. In such cases police would rather detain the attacked, than the attacker.

Apart from that you have nothing to worry about if you use your common sense, there is practically no chance something will happen to you. As soon as you stroll around the city, you will notice how friendly and kind locals are.

Just remember that there are still some unexploded land-mines in the fields across the whole country. So if you are trekking or hiking in the hills nearby, do not go away from the marked pedestrian paths.

Climbing: 24km south of Banja Luka and 5km north of Krupa na Vrbasu is a nice climbing site; the stone bridge Kameni Most. More information you can for example get at Extreme Banja Luka climbing club.

Rafting: At Karanovac, 15 km south on the main road from Banja Luka is rafting club Kanjon from where you can go rafting in the Vrbas canyon. On the Vrbas, together with the Tara near Foca, the world championships of rafting were held in 2009.

Canyoning. Not far from Karanovac is the canyon of the Svrakava river, a small canyon where it is nice to try to climb through. Its a wild spot, it is not being commercially exploited. You can reach the canyon by going on the road towards Knezevo.

After you pass the bridge over the Vrbas to Karanovac, there is a small road going on your left with an indication of Svrakava. That is just before the main road goes uphill into the forest. After that indication there are no others, so you'll have to find it from there on yourself. Its about 3 km further that road.

If you really want to go canyoning, ask a local person to take you to Cvrcka canyon. Around 40 km south-east of town, between Kotor Varos and Knezevo. On hot summer days you can track up to 18km through the canyon wading through the fresh water of the Cvrcka river.


Tourism Observer

Saturday, 4 March 2017

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: Roman Bridge At Buna

When you turn to the main road M17 about fifteen kilometers south of Mostar towards the village on Buna with the same name, you’ll get to the bridge called Roman bridge. Most likely you will not even notice the bridge, you will see the asphalt, ugly iron fence, and lamps from thirty years ago.

You will not have the impression that you’re on a bridge whose beauty once was famous far away from this area, which is the longest that Herzegovina saw.

Large bridge at Buna was built probably in the 16th century as one of the first major infrastructure projects of Ottomans after their arrival to this area. Evliya Çelebi, the famous travel writer of the time, mentioned this bridge as Daniel Pasha’s bridge. He accurately described its 13 stone arches and beautiful site of the mouth of Buna and Neretva.

Some people link the bridge with Karadjozbeg, the largest donor of the 16th century, the brother of Ottoman vizier Rustem Pasha Opukovic, but there is no concrete evidence.

The bridge was unavoidable for any traveler who was traveling in a north-south of Mostar, from Bosnia to the sea or the western borders of the great empire. Because of his grace, but above all because of its imposing length, it quickly became famous away from these areas.

Regardless of misinterpretation of its origin and builder, the bridge was attracting with its beauty until the end of the World War II. German forces mined the bridge due to its strategic importance for the withdrawal in 1945, as well as several bridges in the area.

So the beautiful Daniel Pasha’s bridge from the 16th century, mistakenly called Roman Bridge, was erased from the face of the earth.

In the post-war years, the crossing of Buna was improvised by plank bridge. Older generations stated that in those years was often speculated about the need to restore the bridge, especially in its original form, but unfortunately, it never happened.

At the end of the sixties, the then government constructed the bridge which unfortunately was not a replica of the old Daniel Pasha’s bridge. It was the concrete, stone bridge with only half of arches than the one from the 16th century had.

The form and appearance of the new bridge only partially reminiscent of the one that was so beautiful and grandiose that the Russian Consul thought that the Ottomans could not make it.

Tuesday, 6 October 2015

World's Unfriendliest & Friendliest Countries For Tourists

When traveling, some countries just don't like you. Or at least, it can certainly feel that way.

A new report, put out earlier this month by the World Economic Forum, has ranked which countries roll out the welcome mat to travelers and which give the cold shoulder.

The "Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2013" ranked 140 countries according to attractiveness and competitiveness in the travel and tourism industries.

Unwelcoming

Among the extensive analyses, one of the most interesting rankings was how welcome tourists are in each country, under the category "Attitude of population toward foreign visitors."

And the world's most unfriendly country, according to the data?

Bolivia took the dubious honor, scoring a 4.1 out of seven on a scale of "very unwelcome" (0) to "very welcome" (7).

Venezuela and the Russian Federation were next.

Interestingly, despite their huge tourist arrivals, South Korea and China tied with four other countries for the eighth least friendly spot.

At the other end of the scale, Iceland and New Zealand were ranked the world's most welcoming nations for visitors.

You can see a top 10 for friendliest and unfriendliest at the bottom of this article.

Strengths and weaknesses

The "friendly" ranking was just one aspect of the report, analyzing each country's competitiveness in travel and tourism. That competitiveness is "based on the extent to which they are putting in place the factors and policies to make it attractive to develop the travel and tourism sector."

In the overall Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index, Europe was the top region with the first five positions all held by European countries. Switzerland, Germany and Austria were the top three in that order. Switzerland has headed the ranking since the index began five years ago.

Excellent tourism infrastructure and facilities, business travel appeal, sustainable development of natural resources and rich cultural resources were among the key factors in landing the highest positions in the rankings.

Safety/security, underdeveloped infrastructure and concerns about sustainable development were among the factors bringing down countries' competitiveness.

Haiti scored the lowest on the competitiveness index.

The United States (6th) topped the combined Americas, Singapore (10th) just pushed out Australia and New Zealand to lead the Asia Pacific region, the United Arab Emirates (28th) was the highest performer in the Middle East and the Seychelles (38th) overtook Mauritius to head Africa.

The report emphasized the need for continued development in the travel and tourism sector particularly for its role in job creation in a relatively stagnant global economy. The industry currently accounts for one in 11 jobs in the world.

The report used data compiled from the World Economic Forum's Executive Opinion Survey and hard data from private sources and national and international agencies and organizations such as the ICAO, IATA, UNWTO, World Bank/International Finance Corporation, IUCN, WHO and UNESCO.

Attitude of population toward foreign visitors
(1 = very unwelcome; 7 = very welcome)

Friendliest

1. Iceland 6.8
2. New Zealand 6.8
3. Morocco 6.7
4. Macedonia, FYR 6.7
5. Austria 6.7
6. Senegal 6.7
7. Portugal 6.6
8. Bosnia and Herzegovina 6.6
9. Ireland 6.6
10. Burkina Faso 6.6

Unfriendliest

1. Bolivia 4.1
2. Venezuela 4.5
3. Russian Federation 5.0
4. Kuwait 5.2
5. Latvia 5.2
6. Iran 5.2
7. Pakistan 5.3
8. Slovak Republic 5.5
9. Bulgaria 5.5
10. Mongolia 5.5