South Africa has been billed as 'a world in one country', and any visitor who has experienced its delights, from the jumble of the gold mining city of Johannesburg in the north, to the sophistication of Cape Town in the south, to the sunny laid back beaches of Durban in the east, and all the mountains, game reserves and picturesque coastlines in between, is bound to agree.
Throughout the second half of the 20th century South Africa was regarded by most of the world as a pariah state where the ruling white minority passed a range of draconian laws to subdue and enslave the black majority. All this changed in 1994 with the release from prison of world-renowned freedom fighter and icon of the oppressed, Nelson Mandela. A new age of democracy was ushered in, and South Africa was suddenly revealed to the world in her beautiful true colours: a rainbow nation with a kaleidoscope of cultures and a host of attractions to enthrall and entrance visitors.
More than a decade later tourists are flocking to sunny South Africa in droves, particularly to the Western Cape with its magnificent scenery, beautiful beaches, majestic mountains and green winelands.
The Republic, comprising the southern tip of Africa and surrounded on three sides by the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, offers a taste of the African experience with the chance to visit traditional tribal villages, game reserves and sprawling townships. At the same time it also offers all the pleasures of a first-world holiday experience, with luxury hotels, sophisticated shopping, exciting theme parks and clean beaches. Have breakfast in a New York-style deli; lunch in an African shebeen; cocktails on a sunset cruise; and dinner in a fine British colonial restaurant. This is all possible in a South African city.
It is not only cultural diversity that makes South Africa magical. The country has a wealth of animal and plant life scattered across its varied climactic zones from desert to snow-covered mountains, forests to grasslands and mangrove swamps. Historically, too, there is plenty to discover, from the fossils of ancient hominids, to the pioneering spirit of the Dutch 'voortrekkers' and the settlement of the Eastern Cape frontier by the British colonialists. Although the country will be healing the wounds of Apartheid for many decades to come, South Africa welcomes travellers with open arms and truly has a whole world to offer them.
Electricity
Electrical current is 230 volts, 50Hz. Round, three-pin plugs are standard.
Language
South Africa has 11 official languages, including Afrikaans, English, Xhosa, Zulu and Sotho. English is widely spoken.
Travel Health
Health regulations in South Africa require that travellers from areas infected by yellow fever must carry a vaccination certificate; otherwise no vaccination is required. There is a malaria risk in the low-lying areas of the Northern Province and Mpumalanga (including the Kruger National Park), as well as north-eastern KwaZulu-Natal, and precautions are advised when travelling to these areas, especially between October and May. Vaccinations are recommended for hepatitis A, hepatitis B and typhoid. There is a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS. Tap water is safe in urban areas but sterilisation is advisable elsewhere, as there are periodic outbreaks of cholera in the poor communities of rural South Africa, particularly in northern KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, and Limpopo provinces. Drug-resistant TB has been reported throughout the country. Food poisoning is rare. Medical facilities in South Africa are good in urban areas, but medical insurance is strongly advised as private hospitals expect cash up front and public hospitals are best avoided. Medication is readily available in urban areas, but those travelling outside of major cities for an extended period should bring a basic supply kit for emergency self-treatment.
Tipping
Waitering is a livelihood in South Africa and a tip of at least 10 percent is expected for good service, if a service charge is not included in the bill. Tipping for services rendered is widely anticipated by porters, taxi drivers and petrol attendants. Golf caddies should be tipped accordingly. 'Car guards' operate in the city centres and tourist spots and will offer to look after your parked car; they are usually immigrants from neighbouring countries looking for work and will expect anything from R2 upwards on your return, depending on how long you have been away.
Safety Information
Safety is an issue and visitors to South Africa should be aware of the country's high crime rate. Violent crime tends to be concentrated in pockets throughout the country and travellers should do some research to find out which areas to avoid. For instance, Berea and Hillbrow in Johannesburg are high-risk areas, and township areas in general are dangerous for foreigners. There is a risk of petty, opportunistic crime in all urban areas and armed robberies are fairly common in Johannesburg. Travellers should always be aware of these risks and exercise the necessary precautions. Carjackings and smash-and-grab robberies are common in major cities, and doors should be locked when driving and bags and valuables should be kept out of sight, or locked in the boot. One should not walk alone at night in any area. There have been recent incidents of robbery involving hikers walking on Table Mountain and Lion's Head in Cape Town, so visitors should avoid hiking alone. Be vigilant when using ATMs and do not display signs of wealth (e.g. mobile phones, money, expensive jewellery, cameras) on the streets. Tourists are targeted because they are seen as easy targets - try to appear like a local and you are less likely to run into trouble. Credit card fraud is on the increase and travellers should be vigilant and never allow their card out of their sight. It is worthwhile noting that the South African authorities do give high priority to the protection of tourists. Although crime rates are high in South Africa popular tourist sites and the main hotel areas tend to be safe and most visits are trouble-free.
Local Customs
South African culture and etiquette in urban areas is very Western. While standards of dress vary, beachwear should generally not to be worn off the beach, and nude sunbathing is only permissible in a few designated areas. Homosexuality is legal and accepted in urban areas without much fuss, but it is frowned on by some conservative South Africans and can be a problem in township areas. Although locals may complain loudly about the country and government, they will take offense if a foreigner is critical. Racism is a sensitive issue; however, interracial relationships are now common and widely accepted. South African racial terminology differs from what is acceptable in North America: the terms 'black' and 'white' are appropriate for those of African and Caucasian descent, respectively. 'Coloured' refers not to black Africans, but those of mixed African and European descent and is not considered an offensive term. South Africans are friendly and hospitable, and will often go out of their way to assist tourists who need help.
Business
Business practices in South Africa are influenced by South Africa's range of ethnicities, languages and even geographical areas, but in general follow common patterns. When doing business in South Africa it is important to be culturally sensitive and as understanding of colleagues' historical context as possible. Most South Africans prefer to do business with contacts they've met before, but they are also warm and open to newcomers. Working to build and maintain business relationships is vitally important in the South African business environment. South Africans are renowned for their friendliness which generally supersedes business formality.
Most large corporations, as well as the banking and financial sector, still adopt relatively formal business practices, whereas other companies and work environments enjoy more relaxed and personable atmospheres. Clear management hierarchies and respect for senior executives and colleagues are of paramount importance. However, business exchanges and decision-making processes often take on an egalitarian aspect. As with most countries, punctuality is highly regarded. However government officials are said to keep 'African time' as they are notorious for their tardiness when it comes to keeping time. Dress codes tend to be conservative, but not overly formal. Suits are the exception more than the rule, but dressing stylishly will always count in your favour. It is best to dress formally for initial meetings.
South Africans value hard work and respect those who succeed. However, they are mindful of other aspects of life such as healthy living, family and nurturing relationships - all of which add up to a well-balanced life. Generally South Africans are regarded as relaxed and informal with regards to introductions and the handling of business cards. Shaking hands is common for both men and women. The giving of gifts is uncommon and unnecessary. The official language of business in South Africa is English. Business hours tend to start at 8.30am or 9am and the day comes to a close at 5pm, or later in the major urban centres. Working over weekends tends to be quite rare in South Africa, unless you count watching a sports game with your colleagues as 'work'.
Communications
The international access code for South Africa is +27. The outgoing code is 00 followed by the relevant country code (e.g. 0044 for the United Kingdom). As of 8 January 2007, South Africa has changed to 10-digit dialling (so city codes must be included, e.g. 021 for Cape Town) and international dialling has changed from 09 to 00. GSM mobile phone networks providing 900 and 1800 frequencies serve the country. Mobile service providers offer very cheap 'pay-as-you-go' SIM cards, which are a good option for visitors staying for some time. Internet cafes are available. Card and coin operated pay phones are also widespread.
Duty Free
Travellers to South Africa do not have to pay duty on 400 cigarettes, 50 cigars and 250g of tobacco; 2 litres wine and 1 litre spirits; perfume up to 50ml and 250ml eau de toilette; and other goods to the value of R3,000. All other goods brought in from abroad by South African residents must be declared on arrival. These will be subject to import duties. For goods to be re-imported, travellers must complete a DA65 or NEP-form that is issued on departure. Prohibited items include meat and dairy products, all medication except for personal consumption, flick knives, ammunition, explosives and pornography containing minors and bestiality.
Money
South Africa's currency is the Rand (ZAR), which is divided into 100 cents. Money can be exchanged at banks, bureaux de change and the larger hotels. ATMs are widely available (there is a daily limit for cash withdrawals) and major international credit cards are widely accepted. Visitors should be vigilant when drawing cash from ATMs, as con artists are known to operate there. All commercial banks will exchange foreign currency.
Attractions
South Africa is a sightseer's paradise, with plenty to see and do no matter what your interests, time frame, age, or inclination.
There is natural splendour in abundance including the beautiful beaches and iconic Table Mountain of Cape Town, the magnificent Drakensberg Mountains, the Blyde River Canyon, the stunning scenery of the coastal Garden Route, the pristine coastline of the Transkei, and the sweeping vistas of the Highfeld. Of course the animals of South Africa, especially the Big Five, are a big draw for tourists and game safaris are a very popular diversion; The Kruger National Park is the country's most famous wildlife reserve and a must for many visitors.
South Africa has a complicated and dramatic history and the legacy of the pioneer wars, slavery, colonialism, the Boer War and Apartheid is still strongly felt. There is no shortage of interesting historical sightseeing, with sites like Robben Island - where Mandela was imprisoned - and the battlefields of the Boer War attracting many visitors. The country has many quaint historical towns, like Franschoek in the Cape Winelands, and Grahamstown in the 'frontier country' of the Eastern Cape. South Africa also has its share of museums and galleries, and the Apartheid Museum in Johannesburg is particularly noteworthy.
The country is easy to get around with competitive low-cost carriers, long distance buses, good value car hire and the best roads in Africa (although some of the worst drivers are on them). Road tripping is a wonderful way to experience the hugely diverse landscapes and cultures of this vast country.
South Africa is one of the few global destinations that can offer the complete holiday experience, with a huge variety of world-class attractions and compelling experiences, and incredible value for money to boot.
Table Mountain
Cape Town's most popular tourist attraction is also its most famous physical feature: the flat-topped mountain that stands sentinel over the city. Table Mountain has been proclaimed a nature reserve, protecting its diverse floral species, some unique to its slopes. The views of the city and coastline from the top of the mountain in all directions are quite spectacular. A Swiss-built rotating cable car carries visitors smoothly up the mountain and back. The mountaintop is equipped with a restaurant and small gift shop, as well as numerous pathways and vantage points. It is possible to climb the mountain via different routes, but inexperienced hikers should take care because Cape Town is prone to sudden weather changes. The walk up can take anything between one and four hours depending on the route and level of fitness. Route maps can be bought at the cable-car station. It is always best to check the website or call the weatherline to see if the cable car is in operation. Hikers should travel in groups, as there have been reports of robberies on the trails. Tickets for the cable car can be booked online via the official website - the tickets are marginally cheaper online and allow you to skip the sometimes long queues at the ticket kiosk. Ascending Table Mountain is an absolute must for visitors to Cape Town.
Castle of Good Hope
South Africa's oldest surviving colonial building, the Castle of Good Hope was completed in 1679 (replacing an earlier mud and timber fort built by the first Dutch Governor, Jan van Riebeeck). Situated adjacent to a parking lot and bus station in Buitenkant Street, its walls mark the original boundary of the seashore where the waves washed up against the fortifications. Its outside aspect is somewhat foreboding, but inside are some interesting features and collections that have been restored, offering a good insight into the early days of the Cape when the castle was the centre of social and economic life. The complex is a pentagonal fortification with a moat and five bastions, each named for one of the titles of the Prince of Orange. The entrance is a good example of 17th-century Dutch Classicism, and a bell, cast in 1679 by Claude Fremy in Amsterdam, still hangs from the original wood beams in the tower above the entrance. The castle contains a Military Museum depicting the conflicts that arose during the Cape's early settlement, and also houses the William Fehr Collection of decorative arts, including paintings, furniture and porcelain. Of interest are the dungeons, which bear the graffiti carved by prisoners incarcerated here centuries ago. This castle was built for defense, not beauty, and it is a fortress not a palace. Those interested in the history of the Cape will find a visit fascinating.
South African Museum and Planetarium
The imposing South African Museum, dedicated to natural history and the human sciences, contains a huge variety of fascinating exhibits from entire chunks of caves bearing rock art, to traditional arts and crafts from several African tribes. Astoundingly, the museum houses more than one and a half million specimens of scientific importance, including fossils which are almost 700-million years old. The vastness of the collection means that for every object on display thousands more are kept in storage. The natural history galleries are full of mounted mammals, dioramas of prehistoric reptiles and a collection of whale skeletons, which can be viewed with the eerie sound of whale song echoing in the background. In some ways the South African Museum, established in 1825, is still pretty old-fashioned, but it is nevertheless well worth a visit for its impressive collection. Alongside the museum is the Planetarium, which has a changing programme of thematic shows involving the southern constellations. Booking ahead is necessary for Planetarium shows. These two attractions are based in the lovely Company Gardens of Cape Town, a part of town worth exploring even if you don't visit one of the many museums in the area.
Greenmarket Square
Situated in the Central Business District, near the main station, is Greenmarket Square, the perfect spot to observe South Africa's 'rainbow nation' in all its hues. Once the scene of slave markets, this is now the site of one of the city's most vibrant flea markets, where clothing, jewellery, knick-knacks and souvenirs are on sale every day, and tourists and business people rub shoulders in the many sidewalk cafes that surround the busy cobbled square. Be prepared to haggle at the market to get the best prices and be warned, touts are prevalent. On the west side of the square is the Old Town House, dating from the mid-18th century, which is a wonderful example of Cape Dutch architecture and houses the Michaelis collection of Dutch and Flemish landscape paintings. Rain doesn't deter the stall-owners at Greenmarket Square and in bad weather the stalls tend to just be covered with waterproof tarpaulins. If at all possible try not to appear like a tourist - visible cameras, maps etc - as the merchants tend to target and overcharge foreigners much more than locals. As many stalls sell similar goods don't be shy to compare prices, not least of all because it will motivate the owners to lower costs.
St Georges Cathedral
Cape Town's Victorian Gothic style Anglican Cathedral, founded in 1901, is situated in Wale Street and is historically significant for it is where the enthronement of South Africa's first black archbishop, Nobel Peace Prize winner Desmond Tutu, took place. The Cathedral is unique in that it became a political powerhouse in the struggle against Apartheid, known as 'the people's cathedral', stating openly from the 1950s onwards that it was open to all people of all races at all times. This was a brave stand in the racially segregated society of the time. In subsequent years the cathedral became the venue for many protest gatherings and vigils and on occasions the building was surrounded by police, water cannons and barbed wire. Victims of forced removals were even accommodated in the cathedral at times. As far as architectural merit goes, the cathedral does feature some fine Gabriel Loire windows, including a magnificent Rose Window above the south transept. It is an imposing church, well integrated into the community and well cared for, and the profoundly inspirational legacy of Desmond Tutu is sometimes almost palpable. The great man does still give services in the cathedral occasionally - usually for special events and upon personal request.
Kirstenbosch Botanical Gardens
Five miles (eight km) south of the city centre lie the magnificent Kirstenbosch National Botanical Gardens, covering a huge expanse of the rugged southwestern slopes of the Table Mountain range. Kirstenbosch was bequeathed to the nation by mining magnate Cecil Rhodes in 1895, and today contains more than 22,000 plants, a research unit, botanical library and nursery. Numerous paths meander through the gardens, including a Braille route for the blind, which are full of lush shrubs and 'fynbos', the Cape's indigenous floral heritage. The gardens are a natural wonderland loomed over by the beautiful mountains with endless space for picnics and walks. Several incredible hikes can be started from the gardens, including the formidable Skeleton Gorge, and Nursury Ravine which wind steeply up the mountain and generally take between four and six hours. If these difficult hikes sound a little frightening, there are also much gentler and shorter walking trails winding through the gardens. A tearoom, two restaurants and a coffee bar are on site. In summertime the delightful setting becomes the venue for Sunday evening open-air concerts, when picnickers relax on the lawns, sipping Cape wine, and enjoying the sunset entertainment. There are also outdoor movie screenings in summer.
Cape Town Beaches
Cape Town has some truly gorgeous beaches, but the most easily accessible are on the Atlantic Ocean where the water is unbelievably cold; even the locals tend to keep their swims short. The most popular is Camps Bay beach, a long, wide stretch of golden sand packed with locals and tourists alike and backed by a strip of fashionable bars and restaurants. Another favourite is Clifton, where four beaches - imaginatively called First, Second, Third and Fourth - are situated beneath exclusive houses and apartments set into the cliff that protect sunbathers from the harsh southwesterly wind. First Beach is the largest and most popular with families (the steps are shorter), Second Beach is preferred by the 'hip' crowd, and Third and Fourth are usually frequented by well-toned locals and, when the waves are up, surfers. The small suburb of Llandudno, 15 minutes south of Camps Bay, is home to one of the most scenic beaches in South Africa, popular for sundowners on the rocks or long days in the sun. Llandudno is seldom too crowded, despite its popularity, partly because there are no bars or restaurants here, the nearest being at Hout Bay, another 10 minutes south. Hout Bay's long beach is popular with families and walkers but is not as stunning as its neighbours. The most popular beach for surfers is Muizenberg, which provides the ultimate playground for beginners, with plenty of surf schools. The Muizenberg and Fishoek beaches are also wonderful for swimming as the water in False Bay is much warmer. For long walks and horse riding, the lovely Noordhoek beach is ideal. To see the Cape Town penguin colony pay a visit to the picturesque Boulders Beach, where the loveable birds suntan and swim among the people. Sharks are a problem in Cape Town, particularly in False Bay, and many beaches have shark spotters on duty: visitors should pay close attention to the flags on the beach which advise whether it is safe to swim.
Robben Island
South Africa's most widely known tourist attraction is probably Robben Island, seven miles (11km) from Cape Town in the centre of Table Bay. For nearly 400 years this tiny rocky island outcrop was utilised as a place of banishment, exile, isolation and imprisonment for numerous categories of people ostracised by society, ranging from political protesters to lepers. During the years of Apartheid, Robben Island became synonymous with institutional brutality as numerous freedom fighters, including the island's most famous resident, Nelson Mandela, were imprisoned here for more than a quarter of a century. Robben Island is now a museum, symbolising liberation and the triumph of the human spirit. Regular island tours are conducted, lasting three and a half hours. The tours, which are guided by former prisoners, include a visit to the maximum-security prison on the island where an estimated 3,000 freedom fighters were incarcerated between 1962 and 1991. The island is also interesting in other ways; for instance, it is a magnet for shipwrecks, with at least 68 recorded cases of ships foundering on its rocky coast. The boat trip across the bay can be really fun in itself, and some wonderful views of the city and Table Mountain are gained from the ferry ride and the island itself.
Simonstown and Boulders Beach
Simonstown, South Africa's principal naval base, lies about 25 miles (40km) from the city centre and is a quaint town cum suburb built around a naval dockyard, with well-preserved Victorian buildings, museums, sidewalk cafes and local legends to learn about. One such legend is about a dog called 'Just Nuisance' who 'joined' the British navy, becoming their mascot, when Simonstown was a British base. A statue of the beloved dog can still be seen on the beachfront. A short distance from the town is Boulder's beach, famous for its protected colony of African Penguins (formerly Jackass Penguin) that can be viewed from the boardwalks and which mingle happily with people on the beach. The penguins are remarkably tame and although you shouldn't try to touch them (they are ultimately wild animals and can give nasty bites) it is possible to get very close and take some wonderful photographs. The loveable birds swim between swimmers in the sea, totally unperturbed. The beach is truly beautiful at Boulders, with turquoise water and, as the name suggests, picturesque rock formations. The water is cold but so alluring that it is hard not to get in. The beach is worth visiting in any season just to see the penguins, and kids will particularly enjoy it.
Cape Point
Most visitors to Cape Town are keen to make a daytrip 40 miles (65km) from the city centre to the Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve, not only to take in its floral diversity in what at first sight appears to be a bleak landscape, but to stand at the top of the towering promontory at the most southerly point of the Cape Peninsula (not of Africa, visitors must go further afield to Cape Agulhus for this). From the viewpoint and lighthouse at Cape Point, reached via a funicular, it is awesome to watch the thundering waves crashing at the base of the cliffs 686ft (209m) below. The reserve itself is worth exploring, particularly on foot or by bicycle, for those interested in birds and botany. There are a number of beautiful walking trails, including the shipwreck trail which takes you to a few of the 26 recorded shipwrecks around Cape Point. There are also some great beaches and dive sites. The restaurant at Cape Point has a terrace offering spectacular views. Resident baboons at Cape Point enjoy the spoils from tourists' snacks and picnics and although they are fun to watch they can be quite aggressive and are ultimately dangerous animals. Because feeding of the baboons carries a stiff penalty, it is worth ensuring there are no free lunches for these hirsute scavengers!
Bayworld
Port Elizabeth's most popular attraction consists of a complex on the beachfront that includes the Oceanarium, a museum, and a snake park. The Bayworld Oceanarium is famed for its performing Bottlenose dolphin shows, enjoyed by thousands every year. Besides the large dolphin pool with its underwater viewing area, the oceanarium also features an aquarium tank where visitors can watch a vast array of marine life through glass portholes as they glide by, including sharks, turtles and rays. The snake park contains an impressive variety of indigenous reptiles in natural-looking enclosures. The PE Museum focuses on cultural and natural history with a wide variety of exhibits, from models of sailing ships and period costumes to giant replicas of dinosaurs that roamed the area in prehistoric times; it is the third-oldest museum in the country. Port Elizabeth has a lovely beachfront area, which is the main drag for visitors, but the city is generally just a stop-over point for tourists on their way to one of the nearby game reserves - if you are travelling through Port Elizabeth with kids and have a bit of time to spare a stroll along the beachfront and a visit to Bayworld is a great option.
Market Square
Port Elizabeth's architectural heritage can be traced by taking a walk around the city's central Market Square, which features several historic buildings. The centrepiece of the square is the aesthetically pleasing City Hall, dating from 1858 and topped with an attractive clock tower. Also in the square is a replica of the Diaz Cross that commemorates the first European to set foot in Algoa Bay in 1488, when Portuguese explorer Bartholomew Diaz stopped over on his way east. Alongside the city hall is the Prester John Memorial, dedicated to the Portuguese explorers who landed in South Africa. On the northwest flank of the square is the city's public library, built in 1835 and originally used as a courthouse. The beautiful building is regarded as an excellent example of Victorian Gothic architecture and is interesting in that its façade was manufactured in England and shipped to Port Elizabeth to be recreated piece by piece. In front of the library stands a marble statue of Queen Victoria, which was unveiled in 1903. Slightly downhill from the square, at the entrance to the harbour, stands the Campanile, containing the biggest carillon of bells (23) in the country. Visitors can climb 204 steps to enjoy the view from the top of this monument, which commemorates the landing of the 1820 settlers.
St Georges Park
St George's Park has been a recreational centre for the city of Port Elizabeth for more than 150 years, boasting well-landscaped gardens covering 73 hectares. On site is the world famous Port Elizabeth Cricket Club, the second oldest cricket club in South Africa and the scene of many an exciting test match series, and the oldest bowling green in the country, established in 1884. The historic sporting venue was also the site of South Africa's first rugby test match. Of course, the love of cricket was brought to Port Elizabeth by British settlers and local myths tell of one of the settlers wading through the waters of Algoa Bay towards his new homeland with his cricket bat held safely above his head to keep it dry. The park also features the 1882 Edwardian Pearson Conservatory, a national monument filled with orchids, water lilies and other exotic plants. Apart from being good for strolls and picnics, to say nothing of sporting events, the park hosts a vibrant arts and crafts fair every second Sunday of the month.
The other major park in Port Elizabeth is Settler's Park, set in the Baakens River valley, which boasts indigenous flora and fauna and offers a delightful stroll along the riverbank.
Addo Elephant Park
The most popular game reserve in the Port Elizabeth area is the Addo Elephant Park, just a 45-minute drive from the city. The park is situated in the ruggedly beautiful Eastern Cape region, which is still being 'discovered' by tourists, allowing for an authentic safari experience. There are currently about 550 elephants in residence in the park, which was recently enlarged. Addo was proclaimed in 1931 in an effort to save the remaining 11 elephants indigenous to the area, and the park has been a remarkable success; it is now the third largest game reserve in South Africa and one of the most popular with tourists and locals. The elephants are drawn to watering holes at certain times and sightings are virtually guaranteed all year round. There are other animals in the park too, including lion, leopard, black rhino, buffalo, zebra, warthog, hyena and several types of buck. Guided game drives are available or visitors can do a self-drive tour using the map issued at the entrance. The roads are in good condition and driving oneself around is a pleasure. A variety of accommodation is available and there is a restaurant and picnic site. Horse riding and walking safaris are also available. Addo is a great destination year-round but the best months for game viewing are April and May, when it is dry and warm.
Shamwari Game Reserve
The multi-award winning private game reserve of Shamwari lies less than an hour's drive from Port Elizabeth and has been responsible for re-introducing numerous species into the Eastern Cape plains, including all of the Big Five - lion, elephant, rhino, leopard and buffalo. The reserve offers phenomenal luxury accommodation, but also hosts visitors on day trips from the city. Day tours include a visit to an African art and culture village to sample Xhosa culture and traditionally brewed beer, and a visit to one of the Born Free centres for abused animals. There are two Born Free Big Cat Sanctuaries in Shamwari, where visitors can learn about how wildlife is abused in captivity and can see some of the rescued animals. The Ian Player Rhino Awareness Centre, opened in 2012, is available to educate guests about the terrible epidemic of rhino poaching in South Africa. And at the Shamwari Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre guests can meet whatever animals are currently being cared for. Those lucky enough to stay in one of the luxury game lodges can enjoy game drives, game walks, spa treatments and gorgeous restaurants, among other things. Groups of between six and ten people will be assigned a personal game ranger by the lodges and daily programmes will be designed to suit guests.
Grahamstown
The historic settler town of Grahamstown, 78 miles (125km) northeast of Port Elizabeth, is presided over, from the top of Gunfire Hill, by the 1820 Settler's National Monument, an arts and theatre complex which forms the focus of the town's annual internationally recognised Arts Festival. Grahamstown was founded in 1815 as a garrison to drive the Xhosa eastwards across the Fish River frontier, giving rise to a century of frontier war. The town has an English colonial flavour, and is home to the renowned Rhodes University and some top private boarding schools. There are several museums, including the JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology where two stuffed specimens of the coelacanth are on display. The town also boasts the only Victorian camera obscura in the southern hemisphere. Grahamstown is a quaint and picturesque town with a rich history and a famously feisty student population; it makes for a wonderful travel base in the ruggedly beautiful 'frontier country' of the Eastern Cape. The Arts Festival is the highlight of Grahamstown annual calendar, when the little town comes alive with the best theatre, music and dance that South Africa has to offer and sprawling craft markets take over the streets and fields.
Jeffreys Bay
A short drive to the west of Port Elizabeth is the surfing paradise of Jeffrey's Bay (known colloquially as 'J-Bay'). This determinedly laid-back seaside town is most famous for Supertubes, one of the best right-hand point breaks in the world, considered South Africa's perfect wave. The town lives and breathes surfing and has several glorious surf spots which are gentler and more accommodating than the celebrated Supertubes. The waters of J-Bay are also frequented by dolphins, seals and whales and surfers are often lucky enough to mingle with these sea creatures. J-Bay is swamped by surf stores and the factory outlets selling cheap, branded clothes and surf gear will delight surfers and shoppers alike. The long stretches of sandy beach around the town are picturesque and are renowned for their shells and the bright orange of their aloes, and the town is bordered on both sides by nature reserves and rivers. J-Bay has a wide range of accommodation including luxury game farms just out of town and cheap, jolly backpackers for budget travellers. The town itself is not particularly attractive but the natural setting more than compensates. Although J-Bay is a famously friendly place surfers should note that localism can be a problem in the water - be friendly and respectful with local surfers and be sure to abide by proper surfing etiquette.
Francis Farewell Square
This historic square in the middle of Durban is the spot where the city originated as a tiny settlement of itinerant traders and hunters in the early 19th century. It is named for Henry Francis Flynn, one of the prominent inhabitants of the time. Around the square are some interesting sights, particularly the 1910 City Hall on the south side, which is an exact replica of the City Hall of Belfast, Ireland. On the first floor of the City Hall is the Natural Science Museum with an interesting insect section and an array of stuffed animals which delight children despite being somewhat old-fashioned. On the second floor is the renowned Durban Art Gallery (parents may want to explore the art gallery as their kids enjoy the Natural History Museum). Various musical, song and dance performances are held on the City Hall steps every Wednesday at 1pm. Alongside the City Hall is Durban's local history museum, housed in the Old Court House, which was the first public building ever erected in Durban, in 1866. The Square is easily accessible by bus or taxi, and is a great place to take photos, but be careful with expensive cameras and watch your belongings as the city centre is rife with pickpockets.
uShaka Marine World
In January 2004 Sea World closed its doors to the public and reopened as uShaka Marine World, which has become the largest marine theme park in Africa. The park is tastefully themed with African imagery and has five zones offering entertainment, dining, a variety of shops, water slides and access to uShaka Beach. Wet 'n Wild offers eight water rides, ranging from heart-stopping, adrenalin-pumping rides to lazy activities for the less adventurous. Sea World has an aquarium with thousands of fish, reptiles, and aquatic mammals on display; a dolphinarium that performs regular musical shows; a penguin rookery; and underwater activities like snorkelling and the 'shark walk'. The Village Walk features the new Dangerous Creatures exhibit, with spiders, snakes, frogs, scorpions and other poisonous creatures. Rayz Kids World gives kids a place to burn off energy with massive jungle gyms and climbing structures. For adults, Moyo offers an oasis at the end of the pier with a brand-new double-story bar right over the water. uShaka is in South Beach, so you can walk there along the beach, or take a bus or taxi. The area can be dangerous, but once inside the park security is good and it's perfectly safe. Lockers can be rented to keep belongings safe.
KwaMuhle Museum
The KwaMuhle Museum is dedicated to the history of race laws in KwaZulu-Natal, showing through multimedia presentations the experiences of local people during Apartheid. It is housed in the building that was once the Department of Native Affairs, from which the infamous labour system was administrated. KwaMuhle means 'place of the good one' in honour of a white man who ran the department, but did his best to fight the system from within. This museum provides a fascinating and very personal look at the diverse and difficult cultural history of the region, but it is ultimately an old-fashioned museum which doesn't have much to offer small kids or those who demand a state-of-the-art interactive museum experience. The content is fascinating, and deeply moving, but the exhibitions are simple and designed for those genuinely interested in the history and willing to read the text. Guides are available but the museum is well laid-out for independent exploration. The KwaMuhle is near the centre of Durban, close to several bus and taxi routes, and is a worthwhile stop on the tourist circuit in the city.
Juma Masjid Mosque
The grand Juma Masjid Mosque (or Jumma Mosque) was the first mosque to be built in KwaZulu-Natal, starting construction in 1881 and continuing with renovations and improvements until 1943. One of the largest mosques in the Southern Hemisphere, and also one of the oldest, its golden-domed minarets dominate the central Indian district of downtown Durban, and the muezzin that calls the faithful to prayer from its tower can be heard from many parts of the city. The architecture is a mix of classic Mughal Indian and colonial South African features and there is space inside for up to 5,000 worshippers. The mosque is open to visitors on weekdays and Saturdays but is closed on Sundays. The flat roof of the building is used as a prayer site during festivals but doubles as a playground for girls from the neighbouring school during the day. Around the mosque is a bustling neighbourhood with takeaway curry restaurants that offer the distinctly Durban 'bunny chow', a hollowed-out loaf of bread filled with curry; the exotic and busy Victoria Street Market; as well as many small shops selling fabric, saris, jewellery, and more. The area is easily accessible by bus or taxi, but visitors should be wary of pickpockets and travel in groups.
Durban Botanic Gardens
Durban's Botanical Gardens, established in 1849, are the oldest surviving botanic garden on the African continent, and the city's oldest natural attraction. Located on Sydenham Hill Road, west of the Greyville Race Track, the gardens provide a relaxing spot to stroll among huge indigenous and exotic trees, and the stunning orchid house display. The gardens are also abuzz with birdlife and boast a lovely charity tea garden (try the flapjacks!). Go for a picnic under the trees or by the pond, but leave the sports equipment behind as frisbee and ball games are not allowed. The gardens are a popular spot for wedding photos on Saturdays, and once a month they host a Sunday afternoon concert that attracts thousands of Durbanites. Areas within the extensive grounds include a lake and reservoir, the Herb Garden, Palm Walk, Fern Dell, Amphitheatre, Japanese Garden and much more. There are plenty of grassy areas for picnics and benches for taking a rest. The gardens are in a nice area of Durban to walk about in and there are several bus routes that go past. There is no entrance fee, but if you drive you are expected to tip the car guard about R5 for watching your vehicle.
The BAT Centre
On the Victoria Embankment beside the Durban harbour is a haven for artists and musicians known as the BAT Centre (an acronym for Bartle Arts Trust, the organisation that helped to found the centre). The centre features a studio where traditional artists can work; a hall that hosts concerts, conventions and festivals; exhibition galleries; a music store and drum shop where handcrafted wooden drums are made; and a restaurant serving authentic African dishes from all over the continent. There are stunning views of the harbour from the restaurant deck, which hosts live jazz music on Sundays. Nearby is the Maritime Museum, which details the history of the harbour and houses a restored tugboat and other interesting exhibits. The area is well worth a visit for tourists and is popular with locals as well. The BAT Centre is close to bus and taxi routes, and the area should be safe to stroll around during the day, but if you are going at night it is best to take a taxi or drive as the area isn't safe to walk in after dark. It is best to check what exhibitions and live shows etc are on before visiting the BAT Centre as things can be rather sporadic - check the official website listed below for details.
Zululand Battlefields
Zululand, ancestral home of the Zulu people and site of many a bloody battle between the British, the Boers and the Zulus during the 19th century, is best explored as a self-drive adventure, although many tours are available from Durban. Almost every town in this area of northern KwaZulu-Natal has a story to tell or an event to commemorate and tourism offices throughout the region provide maps and guides to assist visitors in making the most of the history, culture, scenery and wildlife. The landscape varies from plains, to rolling hills, river valleys and lush forests. This land once encompassed the Zulu Kingdom led by legendary Shaka Zulu, who clashed with the British and the Boers in many epic battles. Centre of the Zulu nation is the small town of Eshowe. King Shaka was born close to the town, and it was also the site of a 10-week siege during the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879. Other towns of note are Ladysmith and Dundee, near which were fought the historic battles of Rorke's Drift, Blood River and Isandlwana. Some of the battlefields include museums or memorials and others are just open landscapes which visitors can stroll through imagining the historic conflicts with the help of a good guide book. There are also numerous 'living museums' in the form of Zulu cultural villages open to visitors in the area.
iSimangaliso / St Lucia Wetland Park
In the far north of Kwa-Zulu Natal are a string of nature reserves and game parks, of which the largest and most exciting is the iSimangaliso Wetland Park, formerly called the Greater St Lucia Wetland Park and often still known better by that name. Dominated by the fascinating St Lucia estuary and lake system, the park includes an unbelievable eight distinct ecosystems varying from dry thorn scrub to tropical forest and is bordered by giant dunes which are some of the highest in the world. There park also encloses three major lake systems, beautiful beaches, tropical reefs, Africa's largest estuarine system and most of South Africa's remaining swamp forests. Big Five game viewing is on offer, and this is the only place in the world where you will see hippos, crocodiles and sharks co-habiting in the same lagoon. There are comfortable rest camps and some very picturesque campsites in the park. The Wetland Park was declared South Africa's first UNESCO World Heritage Site in recognition of its natural beauty, unusual ecosystems, and the 700-year-old fishing traditions of local inhabitants, which make the region fascinating from a cultural point of view as well. As Mandela said, it must be the only place on earth where 'the oldest land mammal (the rhinoceros) and the world's biggest terrestrial mammal (the elephant) share an ecosystem with the world's oldest fish (the coelacanth) and the world's biggest marine mammal (the whale)'.
Midlands Meander
The popular Midlands Meander arts and crafts route winds through the Midlands, along the R103 road, taking in a plethora of participating attractions dotted across the countryside, ranging from herb farms to antique shops. The Meander covers about 50 miles (80km) between the towns of Pietermaritzburg and Mooi River, and showcases the lovely Midlands landscapes as much as anything else. A really fun and artistic way to explore this beautiful region, the Midlands Meander is a must for those who enjoy quaint tea houses and creativity. The Meander includes adventure activities, historic landmarks, restaurants and eateries, conference and wedding facilities and the shops and studios of something like 150 talented local artists and craftsmen. For those less crafty and more active, horse riding, hiking, tubing, cycling, swimming, quad biking and fishing can be enjoyed along the route.
Northwest of Durban in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal is the Midmar Public Resort Nature Reserve, offering accommodation, picnic sites and recreational opportunities around the huge Midmar Dam. This impressive body of water is one of the well-known landmarks along the Midlands Meander, and attracts huge crowds once a year for the Midmar Mile, the world's largest open water swim, when Midmar is overrun with swimmers and takes on a festive atmosphere for the race.
Drakensberg Mountains
The jagged peaks of the Drakensberg (Dragon Mountains) tower over the eastern border of Kwa-Zulu Natal with Lesotho, providing a paradise for outdoor enthusiasts. The Drakensberg, the highest mountain range in southern Africa, abounds with hiking trails, climbing routes, 4x4 trails, pony treks and adventure pursuits, all accessible from numerous resorts in the lower reaches. Some of the more popular resorts are Champagne Castle, Cathkin Peak and Cathedral Peak, while Giant's Castle and its game reserve are famed for the more than 500 rock paintings left behind by the San people on cave walls. Eagles soar around the peaks in the Royal Natal National Park in the north, where the dramatic scenery includes the Amphitheatre, a five-mile long (8km) curved basalt wall. The region is largely untamed, and criss-crossed by lengths of rugged dirt roads. The only road that breaches the mountain range and crosses the border to Lesotho is the hair-raising Sani Pass, which is topped by the highest pub in Africa. Adventurous activities available in this stunningly beautiful area include sheer rock or ice-climbing, abseiling and white water rafting. It is also possible to take helicopter rides to see the dramatic scenery from above.
Gold Reef City
This huge entertainment complex is essentially a theme park full of thrill rides, but was designed to be a re-creation of Victorian Johannesburg during the gold-rush era. The park, four miles (6km) south of the city centre via the M1 motorway, was built around the No.14 Crown mineshaft that began operations in 1887 and closed in 1975. During its production years 1,400 tons of gold came out of the shaft. Visitors can now descend into the old mine shaft to experience life at the rock face, and watch gold being poured and minted. Gold Reef City also houses a number of museums, and offers performances by traditional gumboot dancers and the like. Youngsters particularly enjoy the rides like the Anaconda roller coaster and Thunder Mountain River Rapids; there are so many rides that it is difficult to take it all in! The range of rides ensures that there is plenty for all age groups and a good mixture of the mellow and adrenalin-pumping. There are also plenty of restaurants, bars, a massive casino, and a Victorian hotel for those wanting to stay the night. Gold Reef City is a must for families spending a bit of time in Johannesburg and is also located conveniently close to the Apartheid Museum, creating the ultimate touristic marriage of hard-hitting history and theme park fun.
Newtown Cultural Precinct
This complex of buildings in the city centre has been upgraded and restored as part of the city fathers' urban renewal policy and provides several attractions. The Market Theatre and Museum Africa, for instance, are housed in a Victorian building in Bree Street that was originally Johannesburg's fresh produce market. The Museum of Africa is particularly worth a visit with its exhibits that tell the story of the city from its beginnings to the present day, including an interesting section about the Treason Trial of the 1950s in which Nelson Mandela and other activists were accused of plotting against the state. The same building houses a photography museum and the Museum of South African Rock Art. At its eastern end is the Market Theatre, famed for being the venue for many protest theatre productions in the Apartheid era. Also in the area, in President Street, is the South African Breweries Centre, which offers a tour detailing brewing history through some reconstructed gold-rush pubs and shebeens (township bars). Along Jeppe Street is the Oriental Plaza, the commercial centre for the Indian community. Newtown is also renowned for its nightlife, with wonderful restaurants, jazz joints and clubs that boom until the early hours.
Johannesburg Zoo
The Johannesburg Zoo is a favourite place for locals to take a stroll among the numerous enclosures that house more than 320 species of animal, including polar bears that can be viewed underwater in their pool. Of course the Big Five (elephant, rhino, lion, leopard and buffalo) are all in residence, and other highlights include lemurs, gorillas, caracals, Siberian tigers, hippos, orangutans, brown bears and cheetahs. The various monkeys are also always very entertaining. There is a large collection of birdlife and a farmyard section with lots of activities for kids. A tractor-tram does circuits of the zoo for those who don't fancy walking. Check the official website below for details on the feeding times of the various animals - the penguins and seals are particularly active during feeds. The Johannesburg Zoo makes for a great day for travellers with kids and there are many restaurants and food stalls for refreshments. The zoo is dedicated to conservation and rehabilitation and conducts some breeding programmes; it also hosts some interesting exhibits and events. On the eastern edge of the zoo is the Museum of Military History, which has some interesting exhibits like tanks, fighter aircraft and submarines.
Warmbaths
On the national road north from Johannesburg, towards Zimbabwe, is the flat area known as the Springbok Flats, part of the Great Rift Valley. About 80 miles (125km) north of Johannesburg on the edge of the Flats lies the town of Bela-Bela, still commonly called Warmbaths (the name officially changed in 2002), famous for the hot mineral springs that rise to the surface there. The spring yields about 20,000 litres of water, enriched with sodium chloride, calcium carbonate and other minerals every hour. The town is a popular spa and holiday resort, considered to be one of the most modern of its kind in the world. The main resort, called Warmbaths, has a large indoor pool with underwater jets, outdoor hot and cold swimming pools, jacuzzis, a wave pool, and several water slides. The resort also includes facilities for waterskiing, go-karting, quad biking, pedal boating, miniature golf, archery, tennis, squash, and volleyball, as well as several shops and restaurants. Accommodation is varied but the resort is also open to day visitors, who can gain entry anytime between 7am and 5pm daily. A fun family excursion from Johannesburg, everybody should find something to entertain them at Warmbaths.
Lowveld National Botanical Garden
Covering 393 acres (159 hectares) on the banks of the Crocodile River at Nelspruit, the Lowveld National Botanical Garden has the largest collection of cycads in the world and the biggest assortment of indigenous trees in South Africa, totalling 650 of the 1,000 known species. The garden has 600 plant and 245 bird species occurring naturally within its borders, but about 2,000 more plant species have been added to this collection making this haven a feast for botanists. The gardens are traversed by two big rivers, the Crocodile and the Nels, which converge in the grounds and form some spectacular waterfalls which can be viewed from observation platforms. Highlights of the gardens include the aerial boardwalk and suspension bridge through the African Rain Forest section, and a lovely two-hour walking trail that meanders along the Crocodile River banks and passes three waterfalls. There is a restaurant, a tea garden and a concert stage in the grounds. Approximately 70 percent of the gardens are accessible to wheelchairs. Spending a few hours strolling and picnicking in the gardens is a great way to enjoy the natural bounty of the region, but visitors should note that ball games and pets are not allowed.
Pilgrims Rest
Had it not been for its picturesque setting, Pilgrim's Rest would probably be a ghost town. It is, however, a popular tourist destination, existing today for little other purpose than to entertain and inform visitors about its colourful heyday. It all began in 1873 when a Scottish miner, Alex 'Wheelbarrow' Patterson, discovered gold at Pilgrim's Creek. Before long fortune seekers had clogged the little valley, and the town of Pilgrim's Rest was born. Mining continued for decades, but started to dry up in the 1940s; the final mine closed in 1972. The entire town has now been declared a national monument and many of its corrugated iron buildings have been restored. These now exist as living museums, and some as souvenir shops. All development is carefully monitored to ensure the place remains authentic and loses none of its charm. There is an Information Centre on the Main Road where visitors can learn the history of the town before exploring it. Pilgrim's Rest is part of the scenic 'Panorama Route' north of Nelspruit. Walking into the town is like stepping back in time and it has been used for a number of film shoots in South Africa. There are some great pubs and restaurants to try out in Pilgrim's Rest.
Blyde River Canyon
The spectacular vista of the Blyde River Canyon, with its sheer cliffs dropping into a bush-covered valley, is part of the scenically breathtaking Panorama Route, worth doing as a self-drive trip from Nelspruit, or on a bus tour. Other sights on the route include the Three Rondavels, a trio of green-clad peaks set in the canyon and the Bourke's Luck Potholes, huge holes in the mountainside formed by grinding sand. The Blyde River Canyon is the biggest 'green' canyon in the world, and the third largest canyon on earth, smaller only than the USA's Grand Canyon and the Fish River Canyon in Namibia. The river itself also offers some challenging white water rafting and one of the most wonderful ways to experience the canyon is to paddle the river. There is a five-day hiking trail winding along the canyon, through the Blyde River Canyon Nature Reserve, which is one of the most rewarding walking trails in the country, if not the world. There are also shorter walking trails, game safaris to see the variety of wildlife that the canyon supports, horse riding trails, mountain biking trips, and abseiling, all offered by the nature reserve. There is a variety of accommodation in the reserve.
Tsitsikamma National Park
Tsitsikamma is a word of the indigenous Khoi-San people meaning 'place of many waters', which accurately describes the naturally beautiful 50-mile (80km) stretch of coastline that makes up the Tsitsikamma National Park, Africa's oldest and largest marine reserve. The park boasts many attractions, including a giant Outeniqua yellowwood tree that is hundreds of years old. The region is criss-crossed by hiking trails, including the world-renowned Otter Trail (a five-day hike), starting at Storm's River and running along 25 miles (41km) of spectacular coastline to Nature's Valley. A number of private operators, notably Storms River Adventures, offer numerous adventure activities in the area such as black-water rafting and abseiling, mountain bike tours and fishing trips. A particularly exciting diversion is to undertake a 'canopy tour' of the forest, gliding across the treetops on steel cables strung between platforms. The most popular bases for exploring the area are Nature's Valley, Wilderness and Knysna, all charming coastal towns, beautifully located, which offer a wide variety of accommodation, from stunning campsites to luxury lodges and everything in between. Tsitsikamma National Park is the highlight of the famous Garden Route of South Africa.
Bo-Kaap
The Bo-Kaap, or the old Malay Quarter, was declared an exclusive residential area for the Muslim Cape Malays under the Group Areas Act of 1950, during the Apartheid years, forcing people of other religions and ethnicity to leave. The Cape Malay population of Cape Town has a fascinating and sad history; the term 'Cape Malay' was originally used to describe the slaves from Malaysia, Indonesia and various African countries who were imported to the Cape of Good Hope by the Dutch during the 16th and 17th centuries (rather than just to describe Malaysian slaves). Today the area is still closely associated with the Muslim community and has a distinct and vibrant character all its own. The houses have been restored and colourfully painted, and the steep cobbled streets, mosques, minarets and blend of Cape Dutch and Edwardian architecture make it one of the most interesting historical and cultural areas of the city. The Bo-Kaap Museum on Wale Street documents the history of the Cape Malays. The museum represents the furnished home of a 19th-century Malay family but is in the process of a renovation which will give more of a socio-political overview of the area. The Bo-Kaap is a great favourite with photographers and its charm ensures that it is the frequent subject of Cape Town postcards.
Spier Wine Estate
Not only one of South Africa's most famous and most popular wine estates, historic Spier is also an internationally renowned cultural resort that offers luxurious accommodation, conference facilities, shopping, fine dining, and a variety of recreational activities, including golf, horse riding, picnics, and a cheetah park. There is even Eagle Encounters, where visitors can get up close to some amazing birds of prey. An outdoor amphitheatre traditionally presents a variety of music, theatre and dance during the Spier Summer Arts Season that also seeks to promote, showcase and develop emerging South African talent. If that is not enough, Spier also claims to have one of the most extensive collections of contemporary art in the country. Situated in the heart of the Stellenbosch winelands region, Spier also boasts world-class wines in what is the oldest working cellar in South Africa, and together with its other facilities, one of the most unique developments in the wine world. Spier makes a great base for those wanting to explore the region, with a number of other wonderful wine estates nearby. It is also extremely pleasant to just visit for some wine tasting or a picnic in the lovely grounds.
Huguenot Monument and Museum
A major tourist attraction in the Franschhoek valley, the historic Huguenot Monument was erected in 1945 to commemorate and honour the French Huguenots who arrived in South Africa in 1688 after fleeing brutal persecution in their home country. The nearby museum documents the history of the settlers, from their flight from France to their arrival and successful establishment of the Franschhoek wine region in the Cape of Good Hope. The little museum contains a variety of Bibles, documents, furniture, utensils and artefacts, which provide insight into the life of the Huguenots in the Cape. The memorial is graceful and the calm of the place is moving, considering the violent history of the fleeing Huguenots. The three high arches symbolise the Holy Trinity and rising above that is the sun, representing righteousness, and the cross, representing the Christian faith of the Huguenots. The central female figure personifies religious freedom, with a Bible in one hand and a broken chain in the other. For any visitor interested in the history of French settlement in South Africa, or in the history of the beautiful Franschoek valley in general, a visit here will be rewarding.
Afrikaans Monument and Museum
The Afrikaans Language Museum pays tribute to a unique language that is only 300 years old, created from the melting pot of nationalities and languages in the Cape. The Dutch settlers, French Huguenots, slaves from Malaysia, Indonesia, Madagascar and West Africa and the local Khoi people all needed to communicate, and so was born the language that could be used by all. The struggle to gain recognition of Afrikaans as an official language was carried out from Paarl, and the museum commemorates the people that played an important role in the process, as well as exploring the language in its diversity and learning about the people who speak it today. Conspicuously absent from the material is the integral role Afrikaans played as the language of the Apartheid oppressors. The Language Monument on Paarl Mountain was erected in 1975 to honour the Afrikaans language and is the only language monument in the world. The contribution to Afrikaans from the Western world, as well as from Africa, are represented by the three linked columns and three rounded shapes respectively, while the 187-foot (57m) pillar symbolises the growth of the language. There are beautiful views from Paarl Mountain, where the monument is situated.
Blood River/Ncome Heritage Site
Following a long period of conflict and mistrust including the treacherous murder of Piet Retief and his companions at the hands of Dingaan, the Zulu chief, the Voortrekkers, led by Andries Pretorius, prepared for battle against the Zulu kingdom on the banks of the Ncome River on 16 December 1838. The 460 Voortrekkers formed an impenetrable laager (a defensive camp encircled with their ox-wagons) and fought the 15,000-strong impi attack until the Zulus finally fled, leaving thousands dead and the river red with blood. The violent encounter became known as the Battle of Blood River. About 3,000 Zulu warriors are thought to have died in the battle but the Voortrekkers sustained only injuries. The Blood River/Ncome Heritage Site commemorates this significant battle with monuments and museums to both the Voortrekkers and the Zulus on either side of the river, giving the visitor a more complete perspective of events. On the east side is the Ncome Monument and Museum Complex, dedicated to the fallen Zulu warriors, while the Blood River Monument and Museum is located on the west bank and features a life-size replica of the Boer wagon laager. The Ncome Museum building was designed in the shape of buffalo horns, recalling the battle formation in which the Zulu army attacked. It is definitely advisable to visit both museums.
Isandlwana Hill
The battle at Isandlwana Hill on 22 January 1879 stunned the British Empire in what was to be the worst defeat in the history of their imperial warfare. The news that an entire battalion of British troops had been wiped out by a 'native' army was unbelievable. The Zulu kingdom, under the leadership of King Cetshwayo, had been gaining strength and was perceived to be a threat to the British colonists, refusing to submit to British rule. British troops were ordered to invade Zululand, but grossly underestimated the Zulu warriors, and the surprise attack on the British camp on the slopes of Isandlwana Hill left hundreds dead. Isandlwana was the first major encounter of the Anglo-Zulu War. A force of about 20,000 Zulu warriors attacked a portion of the main British column consisting of about 2,000 people. British fatalities numbered about 1,300 and the Zulus sustained almost as many fatalities, but their far greater numbers allowed them a decisive victory. The far superior weapons technology of the British should have enabled them to withstand the attack but they were very poorly deployed. Today the battlefield is dotted with memorials, and mounds of white stones that mark the British mass graves. The beauty of the place belies the horror it once witnessed.
Rorkes Drift
Fought on the same day as the nearby battle at Isandlwana Hill, the Battle of Rorke's Drift is remembered as one of the most famous sieges of the Anglo-Zulu War. Survivors from Isandlwana fled to the Swedish mission station that was used as a British field hospital and storehouse, and sounded the alarm. Inside, the 139 men, many of them ill or wounded, barricaded themselves in and prepared for the onslaught of 4,000 Zulu warriors. The Battle Museum dramatically tells the tale of the 'Heroic Hundred' who desperately defended the station for 12 hours, until the Zulus finally retreated with a heavy loss of life. 17 British soldiers and about 500 Zulu attackers were killed in the siege. Eleven Victoria Crosses were awarded to the defenders, not the most ever given at any battle in British history, as is often claimed, but a prestigious honour nonetheless, and the most ever awarded to one regiment in a single action. It is generally thought that although the courage of the defenders warranted recognition, the awards were also made to distract public opinion from the disasterous British defeat at Isandlwana. Interestingly, just before the Zulus arrived a number of defenders fled Rorke's Drift and those remaining were so angry at the desertion that they shot after their own men, killing a corporal.
Ladysmith Siege Museum
During the Anglo-Boer War, Ladysmith was besieged for 118 days, between 2 November 1899 and 28 February 1900, during which thousands died, either during battle, or from disease and the lack of food and water. 21,000 Boers advanced into Natal from all sides when war was declared between the Boer republics and Britain, and after two notable battles the South African forces surrounded the garrison town of Ladysmith where the British commander and his core force were deployed. The siege was eventually broken by the British and a relief force entered Ladysmith (a force which included a young Churchill), but as with many battles in the war the Boers were not so much defeated as merely voluntarily dispersed, choosing to fight another day rather than face the British reinforcements. One touching story from this tragic and protracted siege is the tale of how the Boers sent a single unexploded shell into Ladysmith on Christmas day which contained a Christmas pudding and a note wishing the British troops compliments of the season. The museum is considered to be one of the best Anglo-Boer War museums in the country, with a collection of artefacts, documents, firearms and uniforms on display, as well as a series of excellent photographs, which vividly tell the story of the siege of Ladysmith that involved numerous battles between the Boer and British forces.
Victoria & Alfred (V&A) Waterfront
This working harbour, historical site and shopping and entertainment development has become one of Cape Town's most visited tourist attractions. The waterfront offers everything from shopping malls and arts and crafts markets, to live music, cinemas, buskers and a variety of festivals throughout the year. There are also more than 70 eateries ranging from pubs and fast food outlets to five star restaurants. Those so in love with the waterfront that they want to spend a couple of nights will find several luxury hotels in the area. Strolling along the harbour and seeing all the boats and ships is a pleasure, and for those who want to experience the thrill of sailing out of the harbour into open ocean there are a variety of boat trips, harbour cruises and helicopter charters leaving from the waterfront. These include sunset booze cruises, whale watching trips, and even a pirate galley which throws themed outings. The Two Oceans Aquarium is the largest of its kind in Africa and houses an impressive array of life from the oceans surrounding the Cape Coast; it is a must for those travelling in Cape Town with kids, but adults will also be enthralled. The V & A Waterfront is stunningly situated and even if you are just shopping the incredible scenery of Table Mountain and the harbour surrounding you is a delight.
Township Tours
The N2 highway that connects Cape Town International Airport to the city is lined with townships, consisting of a mixture of shacks and solid buildings. During the days of Apartheid, people of colour were not allowed to live in the white suburbs and were banished to areas away from the city. Township tours allow visitors to experience how the majority of Capetonians still live in the townships that surround the city. Guides, often residents, take visitors around to meet the people, see community projects, have a drink in a 'shebeen' (township pub) and shop for local crafts. Each township has its own colourful character, and despite their difficult living conditions, residents are generally hospitable and delighted to receive visitors. Townships were once no-go areas for many people, but today a visit is becoming a popular experience for tourists to Cape Town. Visit Langa, the oldest of South Africa's black townships, established in 1923, or the newest and second largest in the country, Khayelitsha, which dates from the 1980s. Guguletu and Nyanga were set up in the 1950s. Visitors are advised not to visit the townships alone as crime is still rife and some areas are best avoided completely; there are many tour companies that offer wonderful tours, including transport to and from the township areas. Contact the Cape Town Tourism Visitor Information Centre or its satellite, the Sivuyile Tourism Centre in Guguletu, for information about tours, accommodation and entertainment in the townships.
Kruger National Park
The Kruger National Park is South Africa's oldest, largest and best-known wildlife conservation area, home to a huge variety of wildlife and most famous for its 'Big Five' viewing opportunities. Visitors have an excellent chance of seeing lion, elephant, leopard, buffalo and rhino among the enormous variety of wildlife, including over 140 species of mammals, 500 species of birds, reptiles and amphibians. Situated on South Africa's north eastern border, Kruger is a primary destination for international tourists, and is visited by more than half a million local and international visitors every year who are attracted by the different safari options as well as the park's excellent range of visitor facilities and choice of accommodation, from luxurious game lodges to cottages and camping. Because of the park's popularity, it is advisable to book far ahead for both day visits and extended stays. Bookings can be made through the park's website. Kruger is a year-round destination, but the game viewing is at its best in the winter months, between June and August. The park is more lush and the landscapes more beautiful in summer but it gets very hot and the animals are more difficult to spot. The Kruger Park is generally very safe and tourists should be in no danger if they abide by the rules and treat the animals with respect; these are, after all, wild animals in their natural environment and some of them can be dangerous if they feel threatened.
Lost City
Situated in the Bojanala region of the North West Province, the 'Las Vegas' of South Africa is one of the largest adult entertainment centres in the world, with casinos, golf, live shows, and the architectural wonder of the Lost City. The vast resort complex is one of South Africa's top attractions for gambling, entertainment and opulence, a luxury theme park for adults that was the multi-million dollar dreamchild of South African entrepreneur Sol Kerzner. The Lost City, with its African theme of life-size animals, has at its centre a luxurious 'palace' decorated with mosaics, frescoes, palm fronds and elephant tusks. Surrounding it are lakes, forests and a tropical beach. There are a variety of watersports and The Valley of the Waves, the most advanced waterpark in the country, has among other things a wave machine capable of generating almost seven-foot (2m) waves. The waterpark is fabulous fun for the whole family with numerous slides and a wonderful Lazy River. Buying a day pass for the Lost City waterpark allows visitors to explore the extensive grounds and access the casino. There are a number of Sun International hotels on the property and the resort complex also borders on the Pilanesberg National Park, home to the 'Big Five' and a popular game-viewing destination.
Franschhoek
Fleeing religious persecution in France in the 1700s, more than 200 French Huguenots arrived in the Cape and were settled in the valley that soon became known as Franschhoek (French Corner), which is today situated in the heart of the Cape Winelands region. Many of the settlers were experienced wine producers and they soon recognised the potential of the region for wine and fruit production, establishing wine estates throughout the spectacular Franschhoek Valley in surroundings of magnificent scenery and towering mountains. Today the town is famous not only for its splendid wines and beautiful vistas, but also as the gourmet capital of South Africa, boasting the highest number of award-winning eateries in the country. Restaurants such as Le Quartier Français, La Petite Ferme, Haute Cabriere and Boschendal are among those that are internationally acclaimed and some of the top restaurants in South Africa. The Huguenots did not only bring their viticulture and French culinary flair however, they also left behind a rich legacy of arts, architecture and hospitality, which are still visible today. Franschhoek hosts a number of wonderful festivals, including a book fair, a big celebration for Bastille Day, and champagne and wine tasting festivals.
Stellenbosch
At the heart of the wine industry is the pretty town of Stellenbosch, the second oldest town in South Africa and regarded as the wine capital of the country with over 110 cellars in the area. The Stellenbosch vineyards were established by the Dutch governor of the Cape, Simon van der Stel, who arrived in 1679 and noted that the combination of rich soil and ideal climate were perfect for viticulture. In 1971 the first wine route in South Africa was opened, and today the Stellenbosch wine route is perhaps the best known and finest that the country has to offer, producing award-winning wines from estates such as Morgenhof, Kanonkop, Warwick and Zewenwacht. Spier Estate is renowned as a unique cultural resort that is famous for its Summer Arts Festival, and boasts the oldest working wine cellar in the country. Stellenbosch is also steeped in South African history and Afrikaans culture and was settled by the Dutch East India Company to produce food for passing ships. Old oak trees line the streets where Cape Dutch architecture, museums and national art collections are a reminder of the town's heritage. The town also boasts the world's only Afrikaans university, a premier educational institute, which has produced many great sporting heroes, including more than 155 Springbok rugby players.
Constantia
Constantia is the origin of wine production in South Africa, and one of Cape Town's most exclusive suburbs. The Constantia wine route is the oldest yet smallest wine route in the Cape, consisting of just five wine farms that concentrate on producing a few wines of international quality and repute. The historic Cape Dutch homestead at Groot Constantia is one of the oldest wine estates in South Africa, home to the first governor of the Cape, Simon van der Stel, and the valley's most famous wine farm. The house itself is furnished with items from the period while an adjacent wine museum exhibits drinking and storage vessels in glass, silver, copper and stoneware dating from 500BC to the 19th century. There are some great restaurants at Groot Constantia as well as tasting rooms and visitors are welcome to wander around the beautiful estate. The other four wine estates that are generally known to constitute the Constantia wine route are Klein Constantia, Steenberg, Buitenverwachting and Constantia Uitsig, all of which provide highly acclaimed restaurants. Those who want to extend their route further can also explore Beau Constantia, Constantia Glen and Silvermist Wine Estate. Meandering from one estate to another in Constantia is a glorious way to spend a day, complete with history, natural beauty, great food and, of course, superb wine.
Paarl
Situated at the foot of the second-largest granite outcrop in the world, the town of Paarl in the picturesque Berg River Valley is the biggest town in the Cape Winelands and the third oldest European settlement in South Africa. The pretty town features some of the most superb examples of Cape Dutch, Victorian, Edwardian and Art Deco architecture in the country. It has a rich history, boasting the Drakenstein Prison where Nelson Mandela spent his last years in captivity, and overlooking the town from the slopes of the Paarl Mountain is the Language Monument, which symbolises the birth of the Afrikaans language. Along with its historical background, Paarl is also known for its award-winning wines, particularly its reds, which can be sampled along the world's first 'Red Route'. Paarl's wine route includes over 40 cellars, among them Nederburg and KWV, and many of them also make a variety of delicious cheeses. Paarl Mountain, or Paarl Rock, looms above the town and is sometimes compared to Ayers Rock in Australia, although geologically they are very different. The rock is popular with climbers, but the routes are difficult and should not be attempted by the inexperienced. There are also many hikes and scenic drives in the beautiful area surrounding Paarl.
Mossel Bay
Mossel Bay is the largest city on the Garden Route and is situated roughly half way between Cape Town and Port Elizabeth. It is renowned as the Adventure Capital of the Garden Route and enjoys an ideal climate with an average of 320 days of sunshine per year and a moderate winter. Mossel Bay was discovered by Bartholomew Dias who in 1488 became the first European to land in South Africa. He was rounding the southernmost point of Africa, Cape Agulhas, when a strong wind blew him off course, into the protected bay of St Blaize, now called Mossel Bay. Here he found fresh water and set up a stop-over point for trade ships that were sailing to the East. Many explorers and traders placed important letters in an old shoe under a huge Milkwood tree which is now more than 500 years old. Today letters are still posted from the Old Post Office Tree.
Adventure junkies come to Mossel Bay for a range of activities in the immediate vicinity: shark cage diving, for close up encounters with Great White sharks; sand boarding the longest sand dune in South Africa; feeding, riding and picnicking with elephants; safaris and game drives with the Big 5; exploring the predator park where you can view white lion and the only black panther and tigers in SA; tandem skydiving over the spectacular Garden Route coastline where whales and dolphins are often spotted from the air; dolphin and whale watching boat trips; scuba diving; abseiling; helicopter flights, and so much more. Other more sedate attractions include the largest shell museum in South Africa; an indigenous botanical garden with a braille trail fragranced for the sight impaired; a life-sized replica of Bartholomew Dias' caravel styled ship; St Blaize Lighthouse and cave; several world-class golf courses; hiking trails; horse riding; deep sea fishing and sailing.
Mossel Bay is also well known for its wide selection of restaurants and excellent seafood. Many different types of accommodation are on offer from backpackers to five star hotels. There are eight sandy white beaches to relax on and enjoy the sunshine. Whether you want to play or relax Mossel Bay is an ideal destination and the perfect base for exploring the magical Garden Route.
Wilderness
The town of Wilderness, set on the Touws River estuary, is fast developing with a plethora of luxury holiday homes lining the cliffs and hills along the long sandy beach and river. It is, however, a beautiful spot surrounded by a chain of fresh-water lakes, and encompassing the Wilderness National Park with about nine miles (15km) of inland waterways that are fantastic for paddling adventures. There are some wonderful hiking trails and canoe trips offered by the Park wardens, and numerous accommodation facilities are available. The coastline of Wilderness is also very picturesque, with some lovely rock pools exposed at low tide and long swathes of sand for sun-bathing. The sea is pleasantly warm in summer but visitors should note that although swimming can be glorious there are sometimes dangerous currents along this coast. In season there are almost always lifeguards on the main beach. A favourite destination along the Garden Route, Wilderness is close to a number of other popular coastal towns and villages, including Knysna and Nature's Valley. Wilderness is also close to the city of George, which has all the urban attractions, like malls, shops and cinemas, that travellers might desire.
Chapmans Peak
Chapman's Peak Drive is one of the most spectacular coastal roads in South Africa, and the world, linking the seaside community of Hout Bay to the Noordhoek Valley along the Atlantic Coast, with breathtaking views from along the narrow, winding road blasted into the cliffs. Constructed in 1915 and upgraded many times since, the six-mile (9km) route took about seven years to complete and was built as a shorter, alternative route between Cape Town central and the South Peninsula. Many visitors use this scenic route to reach Cape Point Nature Reserve, situated at the tip of the Peninsula, but for many Capetonians it simply comprises a breathtakingly beautiful commute to work. There are a number of gorgeous picnic sites and view points along the route and it is very popular with cyclists. Chapman's Peak Drive is also the ideal vantage point for whale watching; the peak whale season is mid-August to mid-November. Hiking up Chapman's Peak and through Silvermine Nature Reserve and the Cape Peninsula National Park offers spectacular views over the South Peninsula. With sheer cliffs below, soaring mountains above, and the ocean stretching to the horizon this dramatic stretch of road which is a must-see for tourists in Cape Town.
District Six Museum
Until the 1960s, District Six was a vibrant district of Cape Town, close to the city centre and the harbour. It was a community established originally as a mix of freed slaves, merchants, artisans and immigrants and developed a unique multi-racial character. In 1966 the government declared District Six a 'whites only' area under the Group Areas Act and over 60,000 residents were forcibly moved to the outlying Cape Flats, a barren area several kilometres away, while their homes were flattened by bulldozers. Communities and families were uprooted and torn apart, and this moving museum serves to safeguard the memories and the spirit that was District Six. The venue was originally established as a place where ex-residents could meet and support one another, but is now a fascinating little museum. It houses an impressive collection of historical materials, including photographs and relics such as street signs, much of which were donated by former residents. The museum also offers a guided tour of the area led by an ex-resident which is a poignant way to learn about District Six as was. These tours must be booked in advance via the official website listed below. It is also possible to wander into the museum off the street and take a self-guided tour.
Two Oceans Aquarium
The Cape sits at the meeting place of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, and over 3,000 sea animals from both oceans are showcased in the aquarium, highlighting the diversity of marine life found in the waters around Cape Town. The Two Oceans Aquarium is one of the city's top attractions and visitors of all ages will be fascinated by the variety of exhibits, such as the Predator Exhibit, featuring large sharks and rays; the mesmerising Kelp Forest Exhibit; and animals such as seals, penguins and turtles among thousands of different fish. It is also possible to dive with the ragged-tooth sharks, or in the kelp forest while feeding hundreds of fish, but advanced booking is required, divers must present dive qualifications, and the privilege does carry an additional charge. The Shoreline Cafe at the Aquarium boasts lovely views of Table Mountain and the harbour and has a children's play area, making it an ideal place to have refreshments; however, visitors are spoilt for choice because the aquarium is located at the famous V & A Waterfront which is crammed full of great restaurants. It is special to be able to stroll along the harbour after visiting the aquarium, and boat trips out into the open ocean can be arranged from the harbour.
Muizenberg
A historical beach-side suburb on the False Bay coast, Muizenberg is popular with families for its long, gentle-sloping beach, warm water, beautiful views, and activities such as mini-golf and waterslides. The beach is famous for its row of colourful changing houses and is a photo favourite from the mountain road far above. Muizenberg beach has also long been the best place for beginner surfers to learn and enjoy the waves on a long friendly beach break which is less daunting and competitive than Cape Town's other surf spots. Several popular surf schools have been established at Surfers Corner at Muizenberg and there are a few fun cafes and restaurants in the corner to replenish surfers. False Bay is known for its Great White Shark population, but a shark watch service is in operation to give warning to bathers and surfers; visitors should take note of the flag and siren system which is clearly explained on signposts. A scenic walkway below the railway line links Muizenberg to the next seaside village of St James which has a lovely tidal pool. The delightful fishing village of Kalk Bay is a few minutes drive away with its protected harbour, and its main street lined with fascinating antique and art shops, as well as cafes and restaurants.
SAB World of Beer
SABMiller started in South Africa and has expanded to become one of the world's largest and most popular brewers of beer. The World of Beer offers a fun, short tour, which summarises the history of the company, beer in general and details the brewing process. The tour begins with a televised talk from Charles Glass, the brewmaster of the famous Castle Lager and the man responsible for laying the foundations of South African Breweries (SAB). The tour also covers ancient beer brewing in Mesopotamia and how it spread through Europe and Africa. Visitors get to learn about and sample traditional South African sorghum beer, and explore the evolution of brewing in South African culture. They will then visit the green houses where the raw ingredients are grown. The price includes one beer during the tour, a souvenir glass, two drink vouchers redeemable in the Tap Room, and bar snacks after the tour. Only those over 18 (the legal drinking age in South Africa) will be allowed to partake in the beer drinking, but all ages are welcome on tours and the visit should prove interesting even for non-beer drinkers. Visitors are welcome to stay in the pub and have a few drinks for as long as they desire after their tour.
Walter Sisulu National Botanical Gardens
Johannesburg is one of the most densely treed cities in the world and has a number of pleasant parks and gardens, but the Walter Sisulu National Botanical Garden, in the west of Johannesburg, is the city's best green lung. This urban oasis covers 741 acres (300ha), offering lush gardens and scenic hiking trails. The botanical garden was founded in 1982 but the area has been used for hiking and outdoor excursions since the 1800s, and it is consistently rated as the best place to get out into nature in Gauteng by voting locals. The gardens are a terrific place for bird watchers (with over 200 bird species) and garden-enthusiasts interested in seeing a variety of flora and fauna (with over 600 plant species). The landscapes are a mixture of grassland and savanna with some rocky outcrops and lots of little streams and kloofs. Parts of the garden are beautifully landscaped but swathes have been left unspoilt. After a walk or hike, it is common practice to enjoy a picnic on the lawns at the foot of the breathtaking Witpoortjie waterfall. One of the garden's greatest attractions is the pair of Verreaux's Eagles that nest on the cliffs beside the waterfall, frequently sighted by visitors on the lookout.
Melville
Melville is an old suburb known for its quirky, artistic atmosphere, eclectic little shops and pavement cafes, and fun bars, restaurants and clubs. This trendy suburb is a hive of activity on any given night of the week; it is the place to go out and carouse in Johannesburg if you prefer a bohemian vibe to the preppy, upmarket nightlife that generally characterises the city. Seventh Street is the central zone from which all the character emanates and is a great place to start with its collection of book and antique shops, cafes, and other interesting storefronts. Partygoers barhop into the small hours, but tourists should refrain from walking around too much at night, and be aware of pickpockets, as crime has risen in the area in the last few years. Sadly, Melville, once so in demand, has been hit somewhat by the recession and some of the unique shops that made it so special have closed down. The area is still appealing but is now more grungy and rundown, mainly booming at night. It has a reputation as one of the drug centres of the city and there are many beggars in the streets. Having said that, the funky personality of Melville is resilient and the nearby student residences keep it popular and energised.
The Apartheid Museum
South Africa's tragic history of black oppression is chronicled in this building, situated near Gold Reef City. Relics of the Apartheid system, which banned non-whites from certain areas and from receiving a proper education, as well as forbidding interracial relationships and numerous other freedoms, can be found here, right down to a bench marked for 'Whites Only'. Visitors often describe the experience of the Apartheid Museum as 'heart wrenching', which is as it should be, but at the same time the story of the struggle over adversity is inspirational. To give some idea of the everyday realities of racial classification, the foundation of the Apartheid system, visitors to the museum are arbitrarily classified as either 'white' or 'non-white' upon arrival and can only enter the museum through the designated entrance for their classification. Due to graphic content, the museum does not allow children under the age of 11. Probably South Africa's most impressive and hard-hitting museum, a visit to the Apartheid Museum is a must for visitors to Johannesburg interested in the country's history. The museum often ranks as the number one tourist attraction in the city. Allow at least three hours if you want to explore thoroughly.
Constitution Hill
A guided tour of the National Heritage Site of Constitution Hill takes visitors on a journey through South Africa's turbulent past, but also illustrates its incredible transition into democracy. Tours of Constitutional Hill include: The Number Four prison, a dark and terrible place where Mahatma Ghandi, Robert Sobukwe and Nelson Mandela were all incarcerated, along with many other victims of the racial hierarchy; The Old Fort, built in 1893 and one of the city's oldest buildings, which was a prison for white men, including British prisoners of war during the Anglo Boer War; the Women's Prison, a pretty Victorian building where political activists like Winnie Madikizela-Mandela and Albertina Sisulu endured terrible suffering, and infamous murderess Daisy de Melker was incarcerated; and the Constitutional Court, the institution responsible for ensuring that the human rights horrors that once characterised Constitution Hill will never occur again. Tours must be booked in advance via the official website listed below. Tours take about an hour and a half and are very informative. The Constitutional Court is open to the public. Exploring Constitution Hill provides an interesting overview of the prison system during Apartheid and it is one of Johannesburg's most fascinating historical attractions.
Hector Pieterson Memorial Site and Museum
Hector Pieterson became the iconic image of the 1976 Soweto Uprising in Apartheid South Africa, when a news photograph of the dying Hector being carried by a fellow student was published across the globe. He was just 12 years old when the police opened fire on school children who had gathered to protest the imposition of Afrikaans as a medium of instruction in township schools. The protest was intended to be peaceful but became a violent confrontation when police demanded that the students disperse; students threw stones and police fired bullets. News of the bloodshed ignited uprisings across the country in which 550 people were killed. Hector was one of the first to die on that tragic day. The museum fuses memorabilia with modern technology and cultural history and is located two blocks away from where Hector was killed. Hector's sister Antoinette, who is seen in the famous photograph holding her hands held out in panic, worked for many years at the museum as a tour guide and today 16 June is a public holiday named National Youth Day in South Africa, to honour the courage of the youth that stood up to the Apartheid regime, and young people in general.
Cradle of Humankind and Maropeng Visitor Centre
The Cradle of Humankind is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and contains a complex of dolimitic limestone caves, including the well-known Sterkfontein Caves, where the fossil, Australopithecus africanus(nicknamed Mrs. Ples) was found in 1947 by Dr Robert Broom and John Robinson. 'Mrs Ples' is estimated to be between 2.6 and 2.8 million years old and ranks high on the long list of australopithecine discoveries for which Sterkfontein is now famous. At present only the Sterkfontein Caves and the Wonder Cave are open to the public. The Maropeng Visitor Centre is a stirring, world-class exhibition space, focusing on the development of humans and our ancestors and evolution over the past few million years. The museum has fun interactive exhibits which the whole family will enjoy. Visitors should note that the best option for fully appreciating the visit is buying the combination ticket for the caves and the museum, but this ticket is only available before 1pm as the tour takes some time. There are a number of restaurants at the centre, both upmarket and casual, and some picturesque picnic sites for those who prefer to bring their own food. There is a range of accommodation at the centre for those who want to spend a night or two.
Ratanga Junction
Cape Town's most famous theme park, Ratanga Junction is a must for all those up for a thrilling day out in the sun with plenty of rides and activities to keep even the most active of children occupied. The park features gift shops and a food hall for weary riders, or those just looking to rest their legs for a while. There are almost constant shows on the food court stage to entertain youngsters (magicians, animal shows and the like). The most popular ride by far is the Cobra, a snake like rollercoaster ride that flips the occupants round 360 degrees. Other favourites include Monkey Falls - a water log ride which sees passengers drop down big waterfalls - and several smaller rollercoasters. There are plenty of mellow rides designed for small children who aren't ready for the adrenalin-pumping stuff, but adults will be thrilled with the quality of rides they can enjoy. Almost all of the rides are included in the entry cost, with the exception of things like the Slingshot, which carry individual charges. Parents who are not interested in participating can get a non-rider ticket which costs substantially less. There are plenty of snack kiosks dotted around the grounds. The queues can get frustratingly long so it is best to go on week days if possible.
World of Birds and Monkey Park
World of Birds is the largest bird park in Africa, with more than 3,000 birds of over 400 different species and a variety of other interesting animals. The World of Birds consists of more than a hundred walk-through aviaries which allow visitors to have an intimate experience of the birds and animals in their 'natural' environment. The park has a tropical garden setting and is situated in the picturesque Hout Bay, and provides truly phenomenal photographic opportunities. Mammals in the park include baboons, meerkats, monkeys, marmosets, foxes, mongooses, racoons, guinea pigs and porcupines. The monkeys are one of the highlights: 38 of them are kept in a large walk-through enclosure which allows visitors to interact with them and certain times of day. They are rather naughty so all valuables and possessions should be kept firmly out of their reach! There are also some reptiles, including terrapins, iguanas, tortoises and skinks. World of Birds also features a children's play area and a tearoom for the parents to stop and take a break. Children will love exploring the grounds and discovering and learning about all the birds and animals here.
Seal Island
Take a trip to one of Cape Town's Seal Islands for some good sightings of these comical animals at play and rest. Although several tiny islands off the Cape coast are unofficially called 'Seal Island', the most well known is probably Duiker Island, located just outside of Hout Bay. Boats leave regularly from the Hout Bay docks and take passengers on a trip outside the harbour and into the ocean, where breathtaking views of can be enjoyed of Hout Bay and all the way across to Noordhoek, Chapman's Peak and Kommetjie. The boat stops just below the Hout Bay Sentinal where hundreds of Cape Fur Seals bask on the small island in the sun. The sight is a smelly, yet magical one and it is a treat to see these creatures in their natural habitat. Many of the boat tours use glass-bottomed boats which allow passengers to see the seals zipping about underwater. The charming naval harbour of Simon's Town also has a small Seal Island and boat trips can usually be arranged from there as well. The Great White Sharks that frequent False Bay often lurk around the islands, which are naturally a sort of buffet for them, and sightings of these amazing creatures are also possible, although more rare. A variety of other sea creatures might be seen on these lovely boat trips and an excursion out into the sea is worthwhile even if you aren't visiting one of the islands.
Union Buildings
Designed by renowned South African architect, Sir Herbert Baker, the Union Buildings are located on Meintjieskop hill, a sentinel overlooking the city of Pretoria. The official seat of the country's government and housing the offices of the South African President and other government officials, the Union Buildings are a South African Monument and have seen such icons as former South African president, Nelson Mandela, inaugurated. The main semicircular building is considered an architectural masterpiece and is an easily recognisable South African landmark worth seeing and photographing for tourists in the area. With spectacular terraced gardens full of indigenous flora, the Union Buildings are not only historically important, but also rather beautiful. The spacious gardens are a popular venue for picnics and wedding photos and visitors are welcome every day; however, unfortunately, the buildings themselves are never open to the public. There are various monuments to see in the gardens, including the South African Police Memorial and a monument to General Louis Botha, the first prime minister of the Union of South Africa.
National Zoological Gardens of South Africa
Commonly known as the Pretoria Zoo, the National Zoological Gardens of South Africa is regarded as one of the leading zoos in the world; it is the largest zoo in South Africa and the only one with national status. Tickets include a visit to the zoo, an aquarium and a reptile park. The Pretoria Zoo boasts 209 mammal species, 202 bird species, 190 fish species, four invertebrate species and 93 reptile species. The zoo is known for its large enclosures and animals include cheetahs, chimps, lemurs, leopards, rhinos, hippos, elephants, red pandas, koala bears, lions and tigers. Golf carts and children's pushcarts are available for rent and there is even a Zoo Choo-Choo Tractor Train for the kids to enjoy. The cable car, which runs up a hill and offers great views over the city, is one of the highlights. For the hungry there is a restaurant, a cafeteria with a wide variety of take-away options, a few snack kiosks, and numerous pretty picnic sites where you can relax in the shade; some picnic sites even have barbeque facilities. There are a variety of tour options at the zoo and those who want to take something away with them can try the curio shop for souvenirs.
Loftus Versfeld Stadium
A shrine for many of Pretoria's Afrikaaners, the Loftus Versfeld Stadium seats over 50,000 people and was one of the stadiums hosting matches in the 2010 FIFA World Cup. The land on which the stadium was built was first used for sporting events in 1903 and is named after Robert Owen Loftus Versfeld, who is attributed with establishing organised sport in Pretoria. Loftus Versfeld stadium is home to the local rugby team, the Blue Bulls - a team passionately supported by locals and very successful locally and internationally - and has hosted numerous sporting events, such as the 1995 Rugby World Cup and the 1996 CAF Africa Cup of Nations. The stadium is also a venue for live music concerts and has hosted the likes of Robbie Williams. Enthusiastic sport fans may want to add the stadium to their sightseeing itinerary, and rugby supporters travelling to Pretoria should try and take in a game at this famous South African venue. Even those indifferent to rugby, and sport in general, may want to check whether there are any other events showing at this superb venue during their stay.
Kruger House Museum
The former residence of Boer leader and President of the Republic of South Africa, Paul Kruger, is now the Kruger House Museum. Built in 1884, the house was the last one in which President Kruger would live, between 1883 and 1901, before leaving South Africa to go into exile in Europe. Exhibitions in the museum detail Kruger's leading role in the South African War, formerly known as the Anglo-Boer War, against Britain, his presidency at a formative and tumultuous period in South African history, and his exile to Europe. Adjacent to Kruger House is the former Bantu Commissioner's Office, erected in 1932, also used as the Native Pass Office. Kruger's government used the same site as police headquarters. The house contains some original furnishings from Kruger's residency and some other items from that historical period as well as many gifts that were presented to Kruger, such as the lion statues on the veranda, as well as other memorabilia. The museum mainly aims to recreate the living conditions of the time, but also gives some insight into the life of this great South African character. Although the museum may not be entertaining for all tourists, those interested in the historical period should find it worthwhile.
Pretoria National Botanical Garden
Featuring indigenous plants and flowers from all over South Africa, the Pretoria National Botanical Garden bridges the gap between scientific research and recreational garden pleasures. The garden is home to over 198 bird species, a few reptiles and even small mammals, such as the duiker, a small type of buck. A high quartzite outcrop divides the grounds into two sections: a colder, south-facing section, and a warmer, north-facing section which present slightly different natural 'moods'. A paved nature trail provides access to the ridge, which boasts a wonderful diversity of indigenous dlora and fauna. More than half of the total area is dedicated to landscaped garden, using almost exclusively South African vegetation, including 50 percent of the country's tree species. The garden includes several distinct biomes, with savanna and forest sections. A great place for a relaxing walk or picnic, the gardens also feature Mokha Restaurant which overlooks a small wetland. No pets are allowed in the garden (except guide dogs) and although picnics are encouraged, no fires or braais (barbeques) are permitted anywhere in the grounds. Bicycles and skateboards are also not allowed.
President Brand Street
President Brand Street has been declared a national conservation area, and is home to a number of monuments and buildings of historical value. Nobody visiting Bloemfontein should pass up the opportunity to stroll down one of the city's most stately and historically important streets and see some striking examples of 19th and 20th-century buildings. This street is the address of the South African Court of Appeal, Fourth Raadsaal, City Hall and the Supreme Court of South Africa. See the original transcript of Die Stem,part of which is still included in the South African national anthem, at the National Afrikaans Literature Museum, or visit the equally interesting National Music Museum. Bloemfontein's City Hall was completed in 1936 (its cornerstone was laid by Prince George, the Duke of Kent) and the government building complex was completed in 1877, with slight alterations and improvements made over the years by the architecture firm of renowned architect Sir Herbert Baker. The Old Presidency was built in 1861, on the spot that was once the British Major Henry Warden's farmhouse. The sandstone buildings give the area a distinct character and aesthetic, well worth some photographs.
Oliewenhuis Art Gallery
From its distinguished setting in a Cape Dutch mansion, the Oliewenhuis Art Gallery is a must-see Bloemfontein attraction featuring an expansive display of South African art. Designed in 1935 and completed in 1941 the Neo-Dutch mansion was built as the residence of the Governor General of the Union of South Africa, and once hosted King George VI and his family on their visit to Bloemfontein. In 1989 the residence was opened as the city's art museum, a satellite of the National Museum, after long-term petitioning by the artistic community of Bloemfontein. Contemporary paintings and sculptures are exhibited here, as well as acclaimed masterpieces from days gone by. One of the most exciting and unique aspects of the museum is the remarkable exhibition space in the old underground reservoir. The gallery also has a café and outdoor sculpture park for visitors to enjoy. Kids will love the colourful Africa Carousel which was created by multiple artists working to integrate European and African mythology to create each individual creature. Located on Grant's Hill and surrounded by miles of unspoilt nature, visitors can also enjoy exploring the walking trails that wind around the museum.
Kings Park
Opened by the Prince of Wales in 1925, King's Park boasts over 4,000 beautiful rose bushes, and is thus well placed as Bloemfontein literally means 'flower fountain' and is often referred to locally as the 'city of roses'. It is the city's largest and loveliest green lung and a nice place to unwind and escape from the hustle and bustle of the city. A colourful and fragrant park set on a lake and with grassy areas where children can expend some energy, the park is a good attraction for those travelling with kids. King's Park is also home to the Bloemfontein Zoo, established in 1906 (making it even older than the park itself) and its fascinating 'liger' (an African lion crossed with a Bengal tiger). The small zoo is also known for its large collection of primates. There is a popular arts and crafts market at King's Park on the first Saturday of each month, where food stalls compete with paintings and sculptures as well as other crafts like jewellery and some wonderful bargains can be found. The market is open from 7am to 1pm. Those looking for other outdoor areas in Bloemfontein should head to Naval Hill, which provides striking views over the city and borders the Franklin Game Reserve.
Fun World Amusement Park
A place of nostalgia for the parents who bring their children here, the Fun World Amusement Park situated on Durban's bustling beachfront provides safe and secure family entertainment that kids of all ages will enjoy. Take the gondola ride to enjoy a scenic view of the beachfront from the air (particularly beautiful in the evening as the lights come on below you), let the older kids enjoy carnival rides such as the Breakdance, Hully Gully, Tilt-a-Whirl or Swingboat, while the tiny tots can get their thrill on in the Elephant Ride or the Carousel. The nearby paddling pools, recently renovated, are a great place for smaller children who are too young for the ocean waves, and kids of all ages can find something to enjoy in the underground arcade. Fun World is relatively safe during the day, but tourists should not walk around in the area after dark. It's close to bus and taxi routes, and nearby to some of Durban's most popular beachfront hotels. Fun World was established in the late 1930s with a miniature steam train track and the place still has an old-world fun fair feel. All visitors to the Durban beachfront should at least experience the iconic gondola ride; those travelling with kids will almost certainly be press ganged into trying out at least a few more rides.
Natal Sharks Board
For something fun and educational, take the kids to the Natal Sharks Board, just 9 miles (15km) north of Durban in Umhlanga, to learn about the marine life that lives off the shores of Durban's 'golden mile'. The only organisation of its kind in the world, the Sharks Board maintains the shark safety gear that protects the coastline as well as doing research into sharks and running a public education programme. There are almost daily presentations and shark dissections at the complex and kids will love visiting the display hall to view the variety of lifelike replicas of sharks, fish and rays, including that of a 1966-pound (892kg) great white shark. The dissections can be disturbing for sensitive kids but they are fascinating and very educational, and some odd things have been discovered in the bellies of sharks. There are even boat trips running seven days a week, early in the morning, to view the shark nets being serviced and to see and learn about the dolphins, seabirds and fish life that abound off Durban's coast. Boat trips must be booked in advance. The Sharks Board is near Gateway Mall and the Umhlanga Rocks city centre, but isn't within walking distance of public transportation.
Mini Town
This knee-high miniature replica of Durban makes a great outing for families and kids of all ages. Located on Durban's beachfront, Mini town is a popular and well-loved tourist attraction for kids and adults alike. It features moving models of planes and trains on a railway track and at an airport constantly busy with traffic, a circus complete with animals, a movable bridge which makes way for passing ships, several of Durban's landmark buildings, and even a tug boat that makes its way around its very own miniature dock. All models and buildings have been created on a 1:24 scale. Mini Town was established more than 30 years ago and although it is very well-maintained it has retained a charming, old-fashioned appeal. There is a small restaurant kiosk where snacks and refreshments can be purchased.
Mini Town is owned by the Quadriplegic Association of KwaZulu-Natal and is used as a method of raising funds for their organisation while providing employment for some of their members. It is therefore a worthwhile tourist attraction to support. It is located on a main bus line, and is within easy walking distance of Suncoast Casino and many popular beachfront hotels.
Moses Mabhida Stadium
The Moses Mabhida Stadium was built for the 2010 FIFA World Cup and is one of South Africa's most picturesque stadiums. With its iconic 'arch of triumph', the waves of the Indian Ocean crashing in the background, and an amazing view of Durban's Beachfront, the stadium is an epic place to take in a sports game but also offers some other attractions which will delight tourists. Adventurous visitors will be able to enjoy the rush of the Big Swing, the world's only stadium swing and the largest swing of any kind in the world. After an adrenalin-pumping jump from the stadium's arch, 348 feet (106 m) above the pitch, people will swing out over the pitch and 80,000 seats below - think of it as an upright bungi jump. The Sky Car is perhaps the stadium's most notable attraction; it ferries up to 20 people to the stadium arch's highest point, from where they can enjoy incredible panoramic views of the city, while the Skywalk takes visitors up 550 steps of the arch and back down again. There are also a bunch of shops and restaurants at the stadium and tours are available for those who want to explore. The various attractions at the stadium all have different costs and timetables - check the official website listed below for details.
Tala Game Reserve
Tala Private Game Reserve, just a 45-minute drive inland of Durban, is a relaxed wildlife sanctuary where visitors can view zebra, hippo, rhino, giraffe, kudu, antelope and other wildlife. The park is home to more than 350 bird species and is a delight for bird-watchers. Surrounded on all sides by farmland, you won't find predators like lions or cheetahs in Tala, but the reserve is a great day trip for those who can't rough it in the bigger parks like Umfolozi or Kruger. Game drives and bush walks are available with experienced guides and should be booked in advance. The restaurant is excellent, offering buffet-style meals with African flair, and the various luxury accommodations are perfect for romantic getaways. It's also a popular venue for weddings and conferences. Tala allows self-drive safaris, which don't have to be booked in advance, or you can opt to be taken on a two-hour trip with a knowledgeable guide, either by 4x4, on horseback or on foot. The open grassland and wetland of the park are ideal for game viewing and good for photography. Tala is a year-round travel destination, but winter is generally the best season for game viewing as the animals are easier to spot when the landscape is less lush.
Umgeni River Bird Park
The Umgeni River Bird Park has had a dramatic history in recent years, closed down very reluctantly by its owners due to unprofitability, then rescued by the municipality after an uproar from the community. The park, tucked away near an industrial section of Durban North and the Umgeni River, houses an ever-growing collection of more than 800 birds and over 200 species of birds, all displayed along shady winding paths. The park is situated in 3.5 hectares of lush tropical garden in what used to be an old quarry site; it was opened in 1984 after extensive landscaping. The park's free-flight bird show, which runs from Tuesday to Sunday at 11am and 2pm, has been entertaining families and school groups for over a decade, featuring vultures, owls, cranes, and other impressive fowl. The free-flight shows are available on Mondays during South African school holidays but not outside of these dates. The birds included in the show change frequently and a visit to the park is hardly complete without seeing the free-flight show. There is also an undercover cafe in the heart of the park that offers refreshments and light meals. The park is accessible by bus, but the route is not in constant use.
Hermanus
Locals and international visitors alike make the pilgrimage south of Cape Town to Hermanus, just a few hours' drive down the coast, to enjoy the seaside charm of the place. The town is known for its whale watching, as Southern Right Whales migrate through the area to nearby Walker Bay. Visitors are almost guaranteed a sighting of these gentle giants from the steep cliffs of Hermanus between September and October and the Two Oceans Whale Festival draws big crowds over this period. There are also opportunities to view other wildlife, including dolphins, seals, penguins, and Great White Sharks. While its most popular attraction is offshore, the town itself offers much to do, from browsing shops and restaurants in the quaint downtown area to venturing further afield to wine farms and beaches and neighbouring towns like Stanford, Gansbaai, and Caledon. Active pursuits include horseback riding, quadbiking, hiking, sandboarding, mountain biking, kayaking and zip lines. Strolling along the cliff walk in Hermanus is a must for visitors, even if there are no whales in the bay, and book fanatics should seek out the wonderful second-hand book store in Hermanus.
Langebaan
Just 75 miles (120km) from Cape Town, for years Langebaan languished in relative obscurity, remaining an excellent retirement destination and a popular place for local fishing enthusiasts to spend the weekend. However, in recent years, picturesque Langebaan has been getting the attention it deserves and has become an extremely popular West Coast tourist destination, offering an incredible range of fun water sports and adventure activities, as well as top-class beach resort accommodation and a winning selection of restaurants and shops. The white-sand beaches surrounding the Langebaan Lagoon are more 'Caribbean' in nature than any other destination on the Atlantic coast, and the water is warm enough to swim in all year round. The most popular water sport activities in Langebaan include sailing, kayaking, kitesurfing, waterskiing and fishing; while the town's upmarket resorts also offer quintessential vacation amenities like golf courses, swimming pools and tennis courts. Langebaan is also the ornithological capital of South Africa, boasting over 300 species of birds, most of which can be viewed in the nearby West Coast National Park. Exploring the national park is a must when in Langebaan, as this is the best place to experience the unspoilt and unusual landscapes of this beautiful area.
Saldanha
Saldanha is a small, attractive town situated on the northern shore of Saldanha Bay, a deep natural harbour that sustains the area's economy and which provides countless water sport and fishing opportunities to visitors. Saldanha Bay's fishing industry is underpinned by the export of delicacies such as crayfish, mussels and oysters - and this fine selection of seafood naturally characterises the town's gastronomy. Visitors to Saldanha can look forward to a range of fun activities, including kite-surfing, waterskiing and deep-sea diving, and the area is immensely popular with game fishing devotees, who man their rods and try to entice yellowtail, tuna and snoek from the ocean depths. Accommodation in Saldanha is plentiful, catering to luxury resort clientele as well as backpackers, and it offers one last golden tourist attraction: in season (June to November), it is one of South Africa's better whale watching destinations, as schools of humpback and southern right whales gather off the Atlantic coast to calve. Like most of the West Coast, Saldanha is not a glitzy travel destination but in its own ramshackle way it is very charming and has become a favourite with many South Africans looking for a beach getaway.
West Coast National Park
A natural wonderland located just 70 miles (110km) north of Cape Town, the West Coast National Park succeeds in showcasing the very best of the region's natural bounty within its borders. Stretching from the quaint seaside town of Yzerfontein to the turquoise-blue Langebaan Lagoon, the West Coast National Park is one of the most popular of South Africa's celebrated national parks, marrying appreciable natural attractions with outstanding visitor-friendliness. The Park is most famous for its bird life, with thousands of seabirds gracing the rocks on its golden beaches, and thousands more filling the park's salt marshes with their varied songs and warbles. However, the West Coast National Park is also home to some interesting wildlife, including eland, red hartebeest and caracal; while the Postberg section of the park is one of the best places to view the Namaqualand Daisies, when for two months (August and September) the countryside becomes carpeted in bright wildflowers. Whether gazing on in peaceful serenity at pretty flamingoes, or being thrilled at the sight of a diving osprey, a visit to the West Coast National Park is a must for nature-lovers, offering a convenient and thorough introduction to the West Coast's natural treasures. It also boasts some stunningly beautiful and unspoilt beaches!
Paternoster
Paternoster - taking its name from the prayers of shipwrecked Portuguese sailors that fell foul of its rugged coastline - is a quaint finishing village located about 90 minutes' drive from Cape Town. A popular weekend city break destination, Paternoster has slowly but surely built a reputation for itself as the ideal place to go for a beach holiday on the West Coast. The first thing visitors to Paternoster will notice are the rows and rows of white-washed fisherman houses: a lovely, and incredibly photogenic architectural quirk that will linger long in the memory. A holiday in Paternoster is probably best taken at a snail's pace, enjoying long walks on the fine sandy beaches and revelling in the region's significant bird life; although, for active types, hiking trails, mountain biking, sea kayaking, diving and spear-fishing excursions are available. The West Coast gets extremely hot but the freezing sea water will certainly cool visitors down! Finally, one of Paternoster's most abiding attractions is the quality and availability of fresh fish and seafood (especially crayfish) in the area, and its burgeoning restaurant scene - of which Suzi's Eatery and Gaaitjie are especially popular, the latter serving interesting Malay-fusion seafood dishes.
Yzerfontein
Yzerfontein, just a 70-minute drive from Cape Town on the R27, is a gloriously tranquil seaside village, and the perfect place to go for those looking for a beach holiday in South Africa filled with nothing but calmness and serenity. Boasting a population of just 1,200 permanent residents, it is fair to say that Yzerfontein probably won't appeal to travellers who like their beachfronts bedecked in neon lights and lined with bars and nightclubs; however, for those looking to spend some time in pristine natural surroundings, taking long walks on the beach and short excursions into neighbouring national parks, Yzerfontein will hit the spot just perfectly. Famed for its sunshine and mild winters, Yzerfontein's greatest natural feature is Sixteen Mile Beach. The longest uninterrupted stretch of sand in South Africa, Sixteen Mile Beach connects Yzerfontein to the Postberg conservancy area in the West Coast National Park, where - in August and September - the world-famous Namaqualand Daisies can be seen. Other activities in Yzerfontein include mountain biking, line fishing and crayfishing, skiing, hiking and dolphin and whale watching - a perfect mix for tourists looking to take it easy on one of the most scenic coastlines in the world. Visitors should note that the sea is very cold so only the brave enjoy swimming.
Darling
Darling is one of South Africa's fastest-growing tourist destinations, and from the second you pull into this dusty, delightful town, you'll understand exactly why. Located in the wheat- and wine-rich Swartland region of South Africa's West Coast, Darling is a thoroughly charming little place, situated in a valley of rolling, golden hills and well-established vineyards. Offering high-quality dining options, a local brewery, and wine and olive tasting opportunities that compare with South Africa's finest, there is - however - even more to Darling that first meets the eye. The town's most famous resident, satirist Pieter-Dirk Uys (perhaps better known by his alter-ego, Evita Bezuidenhout), has invested heavily of his time and energies, creating not only a popular cabaret venue (Evita se Perron), but also founding the Darling Trust, an organisation that promotes social upliftment through the arts. Don't miss the small museum and craft market, which - in addition to housing several hilarious satirical paintings - also displays some priceless correspondence between 'Evita' and notable figures from South Africa's history, including Nelson Mandela, Desmond Tutu, FW de Klerk and PW Botha. An agriculturally prosperous region, blessed with plenty of sun, Darling is a must-see destination, a magical place where horse-carriages still canter past quaint Victorian cottages, and where the most stressful decision to make each day is which restaurant or which wine farm to try next. Darling is also home to an annual Wildflower Show (August to September), where the famous Namaqualand Daisies can be viewed in all their glory.
The Cederberg
When the film version of JM Coetzee's celebrated novel Disgrace was made, the film-makers controversially opted to ditch the book's original Eastern Cape setting in favour of various locations in and around the Cederberg, a mountainous conservancy area about 190 miles (300km) north of Cape Town. Their reasoning for this? Simply that the Cederberg is one of the most beautiful, unspoiled areas of South Africa and that foreign audiences deserved to see this often-overlooked natural wonderland in celluloid glory. No doubt aided by this exposure, the Cederberg has quickly grown into one of the leading ecotourism destinations in Southern Africa: the place to go for outdoor-lovers looking to get to grips with South Africa's unique and varied landscape. Although there are plenty of lovely towns in the greater region, including Ceres and Clanwilliam, the real drawcard is staying within the Cederberg Wilderness Area, a massive conservancy administered by Cape Nature. Their main campsite, Algeria, is a great place to stay, although there are plenty of privately-owned alternatives (such as Sanddrif, Driehoek and Krom River) to choose from as well. Great activities in the Cederberg include hiking and rock climbing, and walking tours of caves where San rock-art can be seen. The best time to visit the Cederberg is between November and April, when days are warm and there is not much rain around.
Natures Valley
One of the most beautiful areas of a decidedly beautiful country, Nature's Valley is an enchanting and relatively 'undiscovered' holiday resort on the Garden Route, about 18 miles (29km) from Plettenberg Bay. Surrounded by the Tsitsikamma National Forest, Nature's Valley is a gorgeously lush area of tall bearded trees, monkey ropes and rich bird life - and it also happens to sport one of the prettiest coastlines in the country. Featuring great weather all year round and a decided lack of non-essential infrastructure (there is only one shop and no banks), Nature's Valley is the perfect place to go for tourists looking to relax and rejuvenate in perfect peace and quiet. There are plenty of scenic walks and hiking trails around; in fact, Nature's Valley marks the end of the Otter Trail, one of South Africa's most famous hikes. Canoeing down the river and swimming in the sheltered lagoon are also popular activities. Accommodation in Nature's Valley comes in all shapes and sizes: from luxury villas which can be rented on a monthly basis, to the excellent Wild Spirit Lodge and Backpacker Hostel, which offers affordable lodging in a funky and eco-friendly environment. If you're due to travel on South Africa's Garden Route, you are strongly encouraged to stop in at Nature's Valley for a night or two - but just be careful, as the idyllic atmosphere of the place might keep you around longer than you'd originally planned...
Nieu-Bethesda
Tourists looking to take an 'off the beaten track' adventure to a legitimately weird and wonderful South African town, should head to the interior of the Eastern Cape and check out Nieu-Bethesda. Located about 32 miles (50km) from Graaff Reinet, in the Karoo Heartland, Nieu-Bethesda is a tiny, sleepy place that seems to exist in blissful ignorance of the hustle and bustle that characterises modern life. Devoid of banks, paved roads and even streetlights, Nieu-Bethesda nonetheless still boasts several excellent and one-of-a-kind tourist attractions. The pick of these is the Owl House: a bizarre and unsettling sculpture garden created by reclusive artist Helen Martins, a frustrated visionary who suffered under the apartheid system and who took her own life in 1976. The Owl House is cluttered with cement and wire sculptures of a religious nature, painstakingly decorated with crushed glass, and gives a fascinating insight into a tortured and singular artistic personality. Other sights in Nieu-Bethesda include a great archaeological museum and tour, where visitors are shown fossils that date back 160 million years; and the Kompasberg, the Eastern Cape's highest peak, and a wonderful place to hike on agathosma-scented slopes. Finally, all visitors to Nieu-Bethesda are strongly encouraged to have lunch at the Two Goats Deli, a family-run place that specialises in home-made goat's cheese and home-brewed beer.
Soweto
Soweto's history goes back to 1903, when the town of Kliptown was established as the first black settlement on the outskirts of Johannesburg. An abbreviation for South-Western Township, Soweto has had a turbulent history and was at the centre of the Apartheid struggle in South Africa: the ANC and other organisations adopted the Freedom Charter in Kliptown in 1955, and the Soweto Uprising of 1976 was one of the pivotal events in the struggle. Soweto is home to several famous landmarks, including Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital in Diepkloof, Walter Sisulu Square in Kliptown, Regina Mundi Catholic Church in Rockville, and the Freedom Towers. In Orlando, tourists can visit Vilikazi Street, which is the only street in the world to have been the home of two Nobel Peace Prize winners (Nelson Mandela and Archbishop Desmond Tutu); Mandela House has been restored to the state it was in when the former president lived there. A number of historic museums are also popular attractions in Soweto, including the Hector Pieterson Museum, the Kliptown Open-Air Museum, and the Apartheid Museum. A fun and popular Soweto Attraction is the Orlando Cooling Towers. Part of a decommissioned coal-fired power station, the towers have been brightly painted and offer rap jumping opportunities.
Tours of Soweto are a must for any first-time visitor to Johannesburg and South Africa, and a number of tour operators offer trips into Soweto; the most popular are the historical tours, stopping at museums and famous sites, and the nightlife tours, which include stops at local shebeens. Soweto is also home to some excellent restaurants ranging from five-star to back-alley, which serve local African cuisine. Although many tourists have concerns about whether it's safe to visit Soweto, most visits are completely trouble-free when organised by a reputable tour operator.
The Golden Mile
Durban is most famous as a beach holiday destination, so it's no wonder that its most popular attraction is the sandy beach stretching across one end of the city centre. Known as the Golden Mile, the beach starts in the north at Blue Lagoon, a popular picnic and fishing spot; past Suncoast Casino and Mini Town on North Beach; by the skate park, surfing museum, and restaurants in the Bay of Plenty; past the small souvenir market and hawkers near Fun World; all the way to uShaka Marine World in South Beach. The Golden Mile is the epicentre if Durban tourism, dotted with elaborate kiddie pools and framed by high-rise hotels and holiday flats on all sides. A wide, flat promenade runs nearly the entire way, and tourists can enjoy strolling or rollerblading along it, or taking a ride in a colourful rickshaw. The beach itself is wide and flat, and good for swimming and surfing. The water is gloriously warm. On Sundays, the amphitheatre near North Beach hosts a large flea market, offering everything from beaded jewellery and wood carvings to saris and pirated dvds.
During the day, the Golden Mile is a paradise for holidaymakers and sun-worshippers; however, it is not considered safe to walk on the promenade after dark. Visitors should keep watch of their belongings at all times and beware of pickpockets.
Coffee Bay
In the heart of the Wild Coast is Coffee Bay, a small inlet near Mthata with only a grocery store, post office, and a few B&Bs and backpackers to its name. The destination largely appeals to students and the young at heart, and the nightlife consists of drumming circles and the occasional trance parties. What Coffee Bay boasts of, however, is some of the best surfing in South Africa, along with spear fishing, scuba diving, and swimming, on an unspoiled stretch of coastline. There is fishing to be done, and you'll likely spot dolphins, whales, and the occasional Cape Clawless Otter. The area is a paradise for hiking, horseback riding and golf. The Wild Coast is one of those rare places left in the world where you can walk for hours along a beautiful coastline and see not another soul, with wildflowers and natural forests growing down onto the beach. Although distinctive landmarks are few, don't miss the iconic Hole-in-the-Wall, a remarkable rock that has had a giant tunnel carved into it by the sea. A great way to experience the wealth of seafood in the area is to hire a local fisherman (easy to find along the beach if one doesn't approach you) who will bring you his daily catch for a meagre sum of money.
Richards Bay
Richards Bay is one of South Africa's biggest ports, boasting the largest export coal terminal in the world that loads 66 million tons every year, and is situated on the 12 square mile (30 sq km) lagoon of the Mhlatuze River. It began as a makeshift harbour that was set up during the Anglo-Boer War of 1879 and is named after its founder, Sir Frederick Richards. The specialised ships that call are a must-see for maritime buffs.
The town is a bustling business centre featuring every modern facility and offers plenty of recreational facilities for visitors. Besides the rapid industrial expansion, Richards Bay's tourism industry is thriving and it is fast becoming a popular north coast holiday destination, with spectacular scenery on offer and pristine golden beaches gently lapped by the warm waters of the Indian Ocean. It is a popular kite-surfing destination, as the area has good consistent winds blowing from the northeast, and highly ranked kite-surfers are regular visitors to this town. Tourists can enjoy plenty of other adventurous activities such as fishing, yachting and kayaking. Humpback dolphins and whales are frequent visitors to the waters around Richards Bay and can be viewed from a specially erected viewing point at Alkantstrand Beach.
While the town itself is notoriously sleepy, Richards Bay offers tourists entrance to the once forgotten corner of Africa that is Zululand, a place of exquisite beauty and diversity. A multitude of game reserves are within an hour or two's drive of Richards Bay. Hluhluwe Umfolozi Park is a must-see for nature lovers, featuring the 'big five' (elephants, lions, leopards, buffalo and rhinos) as well as cheetahs, wild dogs and nyala. Lake Mzingazi, the primary water supply of Richards Bay, is a popular tourist attraction offering visitors the chance to view Nile crocodiles and hippos as well as over 350 species of birds, making it a bird watcher's paradise. Richards Bay's surrounds have vast expanses of untouched and unspoilt indigenous vegetation as well as natural lakes and marshes, making it one of the most picturesque tourist destinations in the country.
Inkwenkwezi Game Reserve
The beautiful Inkwenkwezi Private Game Reserve is a great place to stay in the Transkei as it encompasses five distinct biomes and a tidal estuary along the Eastern Cape's Wild Coast. The private, luxury reserve provides access to diverse coastal landscapes and there are some magnificent beaches nearby. The reserve is home to the big five (lion, leopard, elephant, rhino and buffalo) and numerous other animals; however, the main attraction from a wildlife point of view is the presence of some extremely rare white lions. Inkwenkwezi is a Xhosa word meaning 'under the stars' and the reserve prides itself on good service and attention to detail as well as natural beauty. Visitors can interact with elephants at the Elephant Sanctuary, take guided game drives, hikes and quad bike tours, and enjoy canoeing and mountain biking activities. The reserve's Sunset Lapa is a dreamy place to sip on cocktails while admiring the stunning view, and the Emthombeni Restaurant serves a variety of South African cuisine. The accommodation is of a high standard and the venue is extremely popular for weddings. Inkwenkwezi is conveniently located a short drive northeast of the East London airport, making it an easily accessible destination in a region notorious for bad roads.
Port St Johns
Port St Johns is a good travel base in the Transkei region and has become the central tourism hub on the Wild Coast, with famously lovely beaches, great surfing opportunities, fantastic fishing (deep sea and shore angling) and some fun and atmospheric backpackers lodges for budget travellers. Port St Johns is a town of about 5,000 people, situated at the mouth of the Umzimvubu River. The estuary is one of the main reasons why this stretch of coast is so picturesque, but sadly it is also a contributing factor to the frequency of shark attacks on the town's beaches, which make swimming and surfing a bit nerve-racking despite the idyllic conditions. The Umzimvubu River flows through an impressive sandstone gorge referred to as the 'Gates of St John' and visitors should make the effort to drive up to Mount Thesiger, just above the town, to marvel at the stunning views of the estuary from on high (some of the backpackers and lodges offer the ride up for sundowners free of charge). Dense, jungle-like vegetation surrounds the town, traversed by some scenic walking trails, and the town itself is endearingly laid back and sleepy, with an abidingly Xhosa cultural flavour and some basic shops and bohemian-style restaurants.
Cape Town Ostrich Ranch
For fun encounters with one of South Africa's oddest and most unique animals the Cape Town Ostrich Ranch is a great bet. The ranch is a good family attraction, but having kids along is not necessary to enjoy the experience. Although it is possible to explore independently, most people choose to join one of the organised tours of the ranch, which are conducted in English, Afrikaans, German and French; tours in other languages may be possible if organised in advance. Tours take about 40 minutes and include the museum, the leather factory, and encounters with the various ostriches and other animals on the farm. The highlight for many visitors is the chance to sit astride an ostrich for a photo opportunity with the iconic Table Mountain in the distance. Those wanting to hand feed the ostriches will be able to buy feed at the ranch.
The restaurant serves up a variety of snacks and meals in a lovely Cape Dutch garden setting, and there is a shop selling all sorts of ostrich products. A playground and sand pit provide extra entertainment for kids. Children will also love the scratch patch, where they can select a variety of sparkly gemstones.
Activities
Shark Diving
Observing and diving with Great White Sharks can provide one of the most thrilling experiences of a lifetime. Numerous tour operators run cage diving trips around Gansbaai (two hours from Cape Town) where the open stretch of water between Dyer Island and the mainland is referred to as the shark diving capital of the world. Trips aim to educate people about the Great White Shark as well as provide an up close and personal encounter from within the safety of a cage lowered into the water from the boat. People have the opportunity to watch and photograph the sharks feeding at the surface alongside the boat, and the very brave can then take turns inside the cage, which is let down about three feet (1m) below the surface of the water. Great White Sharks are in the Gansbaai area all year round, but are here in their highest density during the winter months from May to October. The jury is out over the conservational impact of shark cage diving and whether the practice increases the likelihood of shark attacks due to the association of food with people. Travellers wanting to try out this exhilarating activity should be careful to do so with a well-known tour operator with plenty of experience.
Game Safaris
One of the main attractions of a trip to South Africa is a game-viewing safari; in fact, the image of the country in the international imagination almost always revolves around the famous Big Five (elephant, rhino, lion, leopard and buffalo) and the vast and beautiful swathes of wilderness that support a rich diversity of wildlife. Numerous game parks are scattered throughout the country, but it is the oldest, largest and most well-known wildlife conservation area, the Kruger National Park, that is the destination of choice for most international visitors. Big Five viewing opportunities abound in many of the parks and many private game reserves, such as Shamwari in the Eastern Cape, have the added attraction of being malaria-free. There are many fascinating animals to seek out, apart from the Five, including wild dogs, hyenas, cheetahs, baboons, numerous antelope species, warthogs, giraffes, zebras, hippos, crocodiles, ostriches and monkeys, not to mention a wealth of bird life. Parks offer guided walking and jeep safaris, and night drives, as well as self-drive safaris for those with their own cars. The parks have a variety of accommodation including world-class luxury game lodges and budget camping options. Game viewing is possible year-round but winter is generally considered the best season for game safaris because the animals tend to be easier to spot when the bush is less dense and lush.
Whale watching
Every year from July to November whales can be seen along the southern coast of South African shores, travelling thousands of miles to mate and calve in the safe and warm waters of protected bays. The 'heart of the Whale Coast' is Hermanus, renowned as the best whale-watching area in the country, where Southern Right whales can be seen in Walker Bay, often within 33 feet (10m) from shore. Walker Bay is recognised by the World Wildlife Fund as one of the top 12 whale viewing destinations in the world. The steep cliffs and many viewing points of Hermanus provide the perfect vantage point for whale watching. In general, the whale route stretches from the Western Cape up the east coast, including places along the Garden Route such as Mossel Bay, Knysna, Plettenberg Bay (especially Keurbooms River and the Robberg Peninsula), and the Tsitsikamma National Park coastline. The De Hoop Nature and Marine Reserve is also popular during the whale season for its relatively new Whale Trail, a five-day hiking trail that offers fantastic whale viewing opportunities along its coastal stretch. Numerous whale-watching boat excursions are offered in the Western Cape and seeing these gentle giants close-up is an incredible experience.
Wine tasting
South Africa's Western Cape produces some of the New World's finest wine, and has some of its most historic wine estates, where visitors can meet the winemakers, enjoy the fruits of their labour and order their wines to be shipped home at discounted rates, all while enjoying cheese, olives or fine food in the beautiful countryside dotted with rolling vineyards and mountains.
The main wine producing regions of the South Africa are nestled together in the Western Cape and most are accessible from Cape Town on a day trip. Key regions include the R62 route, which covers world-renowned farms in Stellenbosch, Robertson, Franschhoek and Paarl. Some of the oldest and most picturesque vineyards in the Western Cape are Groot Constantia - only a short drive from the centre of Cape Town - and Boschendal, in the heart of Stellenbosch, whose wines are highly acclaimed and awarded. Nederberg in Paarl is South Africa's leading and most decorated winery, winning more international and domestic awards than any other in South Africa. But although young, Kleine Zalse in Stellenbosch is hot on its heels. The Swartland, Overberg and Botrivier regions are all known for their distinctive Cabernet Sauvignon and spicy Shiraz, while the south coastal region is renowned for its crisp, dry Sauvignon Blanc due to the Atlantic sea breeze.
Outside of the Cape, the eastern KwaZulu-Natal coast is new to the wine scene but is showing signs of promise, while some wonderful wine is produced in the Orange River valley where the river creates a cool microclimate that favours white wines. Whether opting to drive yourself or do an organised tour, there are so many farms to be visited that wine-tasting in South Africa, like a fine, well-aged Cabernet, should be enjoyed slowly with friends.
Golf
That some golf tour operators are also safari operators should hint at some of the course features. Adventure sportsmen and golfers don't usually find much common ground but the Kruger National Park's course, Skukuza, balances the golf game with game viewing opportunities. At the country's best course, Leopard Creek, wildlife such as giraffes and wildebeests grace the scenery. The most scenic, Cathedral Park, wraps around lush but rugged African landscape. While these are highlights for those golfing in South Africa, most choose to visit because of warm weather, cheap green fees and the merits of the courses, unaware of the added natural attractions. Cape Town, Johannesburg and Durban all have great courses with mountain or ocean scenery. Cape Town can mix golf vacations with other tourist attractions such as famous beaches, nightlife and nearby wine estates. A Jack Nicklaus signature course is playable nearby at Pearl Valley. From Johannesburg it is worth travelling to Sun City and staying in the spectacular palace-like resort. Less travelled, but perhaps making for the best golf vacations, are the courses along the Garden Route. Here hometown hero Ernie Els has a course design to his name. Just make sure to be careful searching for a ball in the rough if you are golfing in the game reserves.
Surfing
South Africa offers some serious, world-class surfing with two oceans (Indian and Atlantic) delivering grinding swells to a vast expanse of coastline extending all the way from the Namibian border on the arid west coast to the Mozambique border at the far northern corner of the sub-tropical east coast. Surfers should pack 4mm wetsuits for the west coast, 3mm wetsuits for the south and southeast coastlines and a shorty for the winter months along the Kwazulu-Natal coastline.
The West Coast, extending from Cape Town up to the Namibian border, receives reasonably consistent Atlantic swells. The cold Benguela current predominates in this area and it is common for surfers to wear a hoody and booties, particularly in the summer months when upwelling can bring surface water temperatures down to 53ºF (12ºC). Surfing spots abound in the vicinity of Cape Town and crowding is usually not a big factor. Key breaks include Llandudno, Noordhoek, Long Beach, Outer Kom, Kalk Bay and Muizenberg (a tame wave, perfect for beginners). There are a number of surf schools located in Muizenberg and many amateurs and intermediate surfers frequent them. About three-hour's drive up the west coast is Elands Bay with its classic left hand point break as well as some other good beach breaks in the vicinity.
The Garden Route is a region of South Africa blessed with great right hand point breaks and warmer water than the west coast, due to the temperate Agulhus current flowing through the Indian Ocean. Surfing highlights dotted along this stretch of coast include Stilbaai, Mossel Bay, Victoria Bay, Cape St Francis and the famous Jeffrey's Bay (J-Bay), providing the perfect excuse for a road trip. They all have right-hand point break setups and are best visited in the winter months when swells are more consistent and winds more often offshore. Jeffrey's Bay is often regarded as the best right-hand breaking wave in the world, although one may well encounter crowding and fierce locals, of both the human and fish variety.
The Wild Coast (known as the Transkei during the Apartheid era) extends from East London to the southern border of Kwazulu-Natal. As the name implies, the area is largely undeveloped and road access to the coast is generally poor. There are some epic and well-known right hand point setups such as Coffee Bay and Mdumbe, but generally many of the spots are kept under wraps as 'secret reef and beach breaks' for those willing to explore the region.
The epicentre of the South African surfing industry is located in Durban, on the sub-tropical east coast, an area bathed by the warm waters of the Mozambican current. Ditch your wetsuit, but expect crowds. Good beach breaks in the Durban area include New Pier and North Beach, while heavy reef breaks such as Cave Rock will test even the most experienced surfers in an area known as the Bluff. Further north, Umhlanga Rocks, Ballito and Richards Bay are all blessed with consistent waves in the winter months.
Wind and Water Sports
South Africa's West Coast region offers excellent wind and water sport opportunities to visitors. Whether you're looking to get involved in some windsurfing, kite-surfing, kayaking, sailing, water-skiing, wakeboarding or good old fashioned bodyboarding, South Africa's West Coast is the place to go for endless fun in the rolling surf. The best wind and water sport destination in South Africa is unquestionably Langebaan, located just 75 miles (120km) from Cape Town, where strong side-shore summer winds have turned Langebaan Lagoon into a true haven for wind and water sport enthusiasts from around the world. Experienced windsurfers report glowingly on the flatness of the Lagoon's surface and the speeds they are able to achieve courtesy of the offshore winds, while the Lagoon is also the ideal place for beginners to learn how to kayak in sea conditions. A resident equipment shop, the Cape Sports Centre, operates at the Lagoon, offering equipment for hire and lessons for those just starting out. While Langebaan is certainly the West Coast's wind and water sport mecca, there are a number of other excellent destinations in the area as well. These include Saldanha and Yzerfontein, both of which are particularly good for sailing and deep-sea fishing. The best time to enjoy water sports on South Africa's West Coast is between September and March, with mid-summer (December) being the peak tourist season.
Climate
South Africa is a large country and has diverse climactic regions so it is necessary to check the climate for the region to which you are travelling. In general the weather is sunny and hot in the summer months (November to February), and fairly mild during winter (June to August). The weather in autumn (March to May) and spring (September to October) is less predictable and more changeable. The Cape has a Mediterranean climate with mild, wet winters, and hot, dry and sunny summers. The average temperatures in Cape Town in the summer range between 61°F (16°C) and 79°F (26°C) and in winter average between 47°F (8.5°C) and 64°F (18°C). Some snow does fall on the mountain ranges during the winter. Gauteng and the northern regions have a subtropical highland climate with plenty of sunshine, hot, humid summers when thunderstorms regularly occur in the late afternoon and evening, and dry, sunny winters with cold nights. Temperatures occasionally drop below freezing at night in the north. The average temperatures in Johannesburg (Gauteng) in the summer range between 58.5°F (15°C) and 78°F (25°C) and in winter range between 39°F (4°C) and 80°F (16°C).
The best time to visit South Africa differs hugely depending on region and desired activities but summer is the peak tourist season for coastal regions. Spring and autumn tend to be mild and pleasant seasons for travel.
Airports
Cape Town Airport (CPT)
Location
The airport is situated 13 miles (20km) east of Cape Town.
Getting to the city
The MyCiti bus is the quickest and cheapest option for getting into the city, with an express to the city centre costing about ZAR 65 in addition to the once off ZAR 35 for a MyCiti card. Door-to-door minibus services are available for the journey to the city, taking approximately half an hour. Many hotels operate courtesy buses and a 24-hour backpacker bus is available hourly to many hostels.
Car Parking
There is short and long-term parking in a multilevel parking garage connected to the terminal. Fees range from ZAR 12 for the first hour in the cheapest parking area to a minimum charge of ZAR 635 (including five days of parking) in the long-term parking area. There is also a special pick-up area that offers 30 minutes' free parking.
Airport Taxis
A taxi to the centre of Cape Town takes approximately 30 minutes and the cost may vary depending on the time of day and number of passengers, generally amounting to between ZAR 150 and ZAR 250, with fares up to 50 percent more at night. Only Touch Down Taxis, the authorised airport taxi company, is allowed to operate from the airport.
Car Rental
Car rental companies include Hertz, Avis, Budget, Europcar and Tempest.
Johannesburg Airport (JNB)
Location
The airport is 14 miles (22km) east of Johannesburg.
Getting to the city
The Gautrain provides fast and easy access to the Johannesburg city centre from the airport, with regular express trains to Sandton. An airport bus departs regularly to the city centre. Authorised shuttle buses and taxis are available; these display the ACSA logo on their vehicles. Hotel shuttle buses depart every 15 minutes from the bus terminal.
Car Parking
Short-term parking charges at OR Tambo Airport range from ZAR 20 for the first two hours in Parkade 1, to ZAR 15 for the first hour or ZAR 20 for two hours in Parkade 2. Long-term parking is available in shaded lots and costs either ZAR 65 or ZAR 80 per day. Official long-term parking lots cost just ZAR 45 per day and are connected to the airport via shuttle bus.
Airport Taxis
A metered taxi will take 30-40 minutes to the city centre. Taxis wait opposite the international arrivals terminal (Terminal A). Only official metered taxis with a yellow taxi light should be taken. The cost for a ride to the city centre should cost roughly ZAR 420, but prices do vary.
Car Rental
Car rental companies represented at the airport include Avis, Budget, Tempest and Europcar.
Durban International Airport (DUR)
Location
The airport is 22 miles (35km) north of Durban.
Getting to the city
The airport can be accessed by car via the N2 from Durban. Taxis are available and there is an hourly shuttle to Umhlanga, the International Convention Centre and the beachfront hotels, which can booked through the airport's information desk.
Car Parking
There is plenty of parking available within easy walking distance of the terminal.
Airport Taxis
Taxis are available from outside the departures terminal. The journey to the city takes about an hour. Generally the price is per journey and not per passenger. Taxi services include Boshoff Taxis, Eagle Radio Taxis and Al Hassan Taxis.
Car Rental
Numerous car rental companies are represented at the airport including Avis, Thrifty, Budget, First and Hertz.
Kimberley Airport (KIM)
Location
The airport is situated five miles (8km) south of Kimberley.
Getting to the city
There is no bus service between the airport and the city, but a taxi service is available on request and car hire agencies are available at the airport.
Car Rental
Car rental companies include Avis, Budget, Hertz, Europcar and National Alamo.
East London Airport (ELS)
Location
The airport is located five miles (8km) west of the city centre.
Getting to the city
There is no public bus or transport from the airport. Gateway Shuttle and Redshuttle Bus Services leave from in front of the arrivals terminal. Bookings should be made in advance. Their schedule follows flight schedules.
Car Parking
Short and long-term parking is available adjacent to the airport.
Airport Taxis
Metered taxis are available from the airport; a helpdesk is available to give taxi information.
Car Rental
Rental companies at the airport include Avis, Budget, Europcar, Hertz and Tempest.
Bloemfontein Airport (BFN)
Location
The airport is located six miles (10km) from the city centre.
Getting to the city
Public transport to the airport is limited; minibus taxis are available but are unreliable and often overcrowded. The best way to get to the city is by hired car or taxi.
Car Parking
Covered parking is available at ZAR 95 a day, while open parking is ZAR 67 a day. Lock-up garages are available for ZAR 150 per day.
Airport Taxis
Taxis and shuttles, which should be booked in advance, are available just outside the terminal building.
Car Rental
Car rental companies at the airport include Avis, Budget, Hertz, Europcar, National and Tempest. All car rental stands are located in the terminal building.
Port Elizabeth Airport (PLZ)
Location
The airport is situated about two miles (3km) south of Port Elizabeth.
Getting to the city
There is no public transport from the airport into Port Elizabeth. Minibuses may be available; however, most travellers find them uncomfortable and overcrowded with luggage. Visitors not hiring a car will find taxis the most convenient mode of transport.
Car Parking
Short and long-term parking is available within easy walking distance from the terminal. The drop-and-go and pick-up zones directly outside the terminal are free.
Airport Taxis
Taxis are available at the airport; pretty much anywhere in the city is within a 10-minute drive. It is best to insist that the driver use the meter, however an additional airport pick-up fee may be charged.
Car Rental
Car rental companies include Avis, Budget, Europcar and Tempest.
George Airport (GRJ)
Location
The airport is situated six miles (10km) from George.
Getting to the city
Taxis are the only form of transport between the city and the airport.
Car Rental
Car rental companies include Avis, Budget, Hertz and Europcar.
Kruger Mpumalanga Airport (MQP)
Location
The airport is situated 16 miles (25km) from Nelspruit at White River.
Getting to the city
Taxis are available.
Car Parking
Short and long-term parking is available.
Car Rental
A number of car rental companies are located at the airport including Avis, Hertz, National/Alamo, Europcar and Budget.
Hoedspruit Airport (HDS)
Location
The airport is situated five miles (8km) from Hoedspruit and is situated within the Hoedspruit Air Force Base Nature Reserve.
Car Rental
Avis has a rental office on site.
Richards Bay Airport (RCB)
Location
Richards Bay Airport is located four miles (7km) northwest of Richards Bay.
Getting to the city
Taxis are available outside the arrivals hall.
Car Parking
Short-term parking is available.
Airport Taxis
Taxis are available outside the arrivals hall.
Car Rental
Car rental companies available include Avis, Europcar, Budget, Hertz and Tempest.
Visa & Passport
Passports should be valid for at least 30 days beyond the period of intended stay. An onward or return ticket is required and evidence of sufficient funds. Note that visitors to South Africa must have at least one blank (unstamped) visa page in their passport, each time entry is sought; this page is in addition to the endorsement/amendment pages at the back of the passport. However, nationals of countries that require a visa before travelling to South Africa, must have two blank pages in their passport - one for issuing a visa prior to departure and one for stamping at the port of entry when entering South Africa.
As of June 2015, children travelling to South Africa will require an unabridged birth certificate. When only one parent is travelling with a child, he or she must produce consent in the form of an affidavit from the other parent of the child authorizing them to enter into South Africa. Travellers should confirm requirements with an official government source prior to travel to South Africa with children, just to make sure they have all necessary documentation.
Immigration officials often apply different rules to those stated by travel agents and official sources. The South African Immigration Authorities do not accept loose leaf temporary travel documents. Note that South Africa's immigration laws have changed dramatically as of May 2014, and there may be some confusion as to the correct procedure.
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